Campaign Contributions and Bureaucratic Oversight

A Case Study of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission"

Data

The full dataset of congressional correspondence can be found at "data/all_contacts.RData". More data from the text of FERC letters are saved as "data/DOE_FERC-letters-clean.Rdata".

load(here("data/all_contacts2.RData"))

count(all_contacts, congress)

## # A tibble: 10 × 2
##    congress     n
##       <dbl> <int>
##  1      106   345
##  2      107  1747
##  3      108  4010
##  4      109 11304
##  5      110 58177
##  6      111 93976
##  7      112 92874
##  8      113 89227
##  9      114 84472
## 10      115 51758

#FIXME name_state is missing, so recreatig
all_contacts  %<>% mutate(name_state = str_c(last_name %>% str_to_title(), " (", state_abbrev, ")"))

#FIXME this should have pop already, but missing, so re-adding
pop <- read_csv(here("districts", "states.csv"))

all_contacts  %<>% select(-pop2010, -pop2017) %>% left_join(pop)



# one obs per member per letter for all agencies
d <- all_contacts %>%
  ungroup() %>% 
  # define d as just FERC
  filter(agency=="DOE_FERC") %>% 
  #mutate(ID = NOTES) %>% 
  # FIXME
  # filter(nchar(ID)>8) %>%
  #select(-SUBJECT) %>% 
  # FIXME 
  # GOODE needs to be fixed in party switchers portion of merge.R
  filter(!(last_name == "GOODE"& party == "(I)"))

partycontrol <- read_csv(here("data", "partycontrol.csv"))

d %<>% left_join(partycontrol) %>% 
  mutate(majority = ifelse(party_name == party_control, "Majority", "Minority"),
           
    )

d %>% count(congress, party_control, majority, party_president) %>% kable()

congress	party_control	majority	party_president	n
106	Republican Party	Majority	Democratic Party	203
106	Republican Party	Minority	Democratic Party	139
107	Democratic Party	Majority	Republican Party	368
107	Democratic Party	Minority	Republican Party	267
107	Republican Party	Majority	Republican Party	529
107	Republican Party	Minority	Republican Party	571
108	Republican Party	Majority	Republican Party	435
108	Republican Party	Minority	Republican Party	609
109	Republican Party	Majority	Republican Party	460
109	Republican Party	Minority	Republican Party	423
110	Democratic Party	Majority	Republican Party	290
110	Democratic Party	Minority	Republican Party	257
111	Democratic Party	Majority	Democratic Party	181
111	Democratic Party	Minority	Democratic Party	109
112	Democratic Party	Majority	Democratic Party	78
112	Democratic Party	Minority	Democratic Party	40
112	Republican Party	Majority	Democratic Party	103
112	Republican Party	Minority	Democratic Party	81
113	Democratic Party	Majority	Democratic Party	87
113	Democratic Party	Minority	Democratic Party	45
113	Republican Party	Majority	Democratic Party	103
113	Republican Party	Minority	Democratic Party	66
114	Republican Party	Majority	Democratic Party	257
114	Republican Party	Minority	Democratic Party	241
115	Republican Party	Majority	Republican Party	381
115	Republican Party	Minority	Republican Party	257

#FIXME name_state is missing, so recreatig
d  %<>% mutate(name_state = str_c(last_name %>% str_to_title(), 
                                  " (", 
                                  party_name %>% str_sub(1,1), # %>% str_remove(")|("),
                                  "-",
                                  state_abbrev, ")"))

## one obs per member per letter per committee for all agencies # DEPRECIATED 
# load(here("data/all_contacts_committees.RData"))
## define dcommittees as just FERC
#dcommittees <- all_contacts_committees %<>% filter(agency == "DOE_FERC")

# Coded letters, one obs per member per letter 
load(here("data", "DOE_FERC-letters-clean.Rdata")) 


# TO DO: replace with DOE_FERC-letters-corps.Rdata when corps added
FERC_letters %<>% 
  select(SUBJECT, Notes, DATE, last_name, # last_name is aparently slightly different in d and FERC_letters
         Freelancer, 
         Cosigned_House, Cosigned_Senate,
         text_clean, Constituent, year,
         Place_State, Place_District, Place_District,
         ProBusiness, AntiBusiness, ProProject, AntiProject) %>%
  #mutate(ID = ID %>% as.character()) %>% 
  distinct()

## Make sure FERC letter IDs are the same as in the main data
# FERC_letters %>% filter(year < 2019, !ID %in% d$ID)

# merge in coded letters

d %<>% left_join(FERC_letters) %>% filter(year <2019, !is.na(ID)) 

# how many failed to merge?
d %>% count(is.na(Freelancer))

## # A tibble: 2 × 2
##   `is.na(Freelancer)`     n
##   <lgl>               <int>
## 1 FALSE                6446
## 2 TRUE                  277

# Add hand-coding to auto-coding of letter type 
d %<>%  
  mutate(Type = as.character(Type)) %>% 
  mutate(Type = ifelse(tolower(Constituent) == "yes", "Indiv. Constituent", Type)) %>% 
  mutate(Type = ifelse(!is.na(ProBusiness)|!is.na(ProProject), "Corp. Constituent", Type)) %>%
  # define Constituent as "Indiv. Constituent"
  mutate(Constituent = ifelse(Type == "Indiv. Constituent", "Indiv. Constituent", "Non_constituent"),
         Constituent = replace_na(Constituent, "Not coded") ) 
  

# For this analysis, treat corp policy letters as Policy
# d$Type %>% unique()
# d$Constituent %>% unique()


#FIXME this is already done in the new all_contacts data, but mabye should not be
# all_contacts$Type %<>% fct_recode(Policy = "Corp. Policy")
# d$Type %<>% fct_recode(Policy = "Corp. Policy")

# make a variable for the pro or anti-business position of each letter
d %<>% 
  mutate(letter_position = ifelse(!is.na(ProBusiness)|!is.na(ProProject), "ProBusiness", "Other"),
         letter_position = ifelse(!is.na(AntiBusiness)|!is.na(AntiProject), "AntiBusiness", letter_position),
         letter_position = ifelse(!is.na(AntiBusiness)&!is.na(ProBusiness), "Both", letter_position)) 


# unique(d$letter_position)

d %<>% 
  # FIXME
  # rounding years up is approximate, rewrite to go Nov-Nov?
  #mutate(cycle = congress*2+1786 ) %>% 
  mutate(icpsryear = str_c(icpsr, congress))

In all, we have 243 letters received by FERC and marked “congressional” since 2000. Most, but not all of these are from Members of the U.S. Congress. Of the 243 letters from 2000-2018, we identified Members of Congress in 3908. Because many are cosigned, this yeild 6723 instances of a member writing to FERC.

---

Outlier

Rep. Virgil Goode (R-VA) is an outlier who affects results, especially for Anti-business letters. A few members forward a lot of mail.

# top overall
d %>% count(bioname,party, cqlabel, sort = T) %>% top_n(10, n) %>% kable(caption = "Legislators who wrote the most letters to FERC")

Legislators who wrote the most letters to FERC

bioname	party	cqlabel	n
GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	(R)	NA	168
JOHN, Christopher	(D)	NA	109
FEINSTEIN, Dianne	(D)	NA	99
CANTWELL, Maria E.	(D)	NA	80
SCHUMER, Charles Ellis (Chuck)	(D)	NA	71
GRAHAM, Lindsey O.	(R)	NA	70
COLLINS, Susan Margaret	(R)	NA	67
WYDEN, Ronald Lee	(D)	NA	60
GORDON, Barton Jennings	(D)	NA	57
LIEBERMAN, Joseph I.	(D)	NA	55

# most with a given position
d %>% count(bioname, party, cqlabel, letter_position, sort = T) %>% filter(letter_position != "Other") %>% top_n(10, n) %>% kable(caption = "Most frequent letter positions for a given legislator")

Most frequent letter positions for a given legislator

bioname	party	cqlabel	letter_position	n
GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	(R)	NA	AntiBusiness	131
FEINSTEIN, Dianne	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	37
GRAHAM, Lindsey O.	(R)	NA	AntiBusiness	37
CANTWELL, Maria E.	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	31
KERRY, John Forbes	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	29
SCHUMER, Charles Ellis (Chuck)	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	29
BYRD, Robert Carlyle	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	27
CLINTON, Hillary Rodham	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	26
MIKULSKI, Barbara Ann	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	24
WILSON, Addison Graves (Joe)	(R)	NA	AntiBusiness	24

# most with a given position in a cycle
d %>% count(bioname, party, cqlabel, letter_position, congress, sort = T) %>% filter(letter_position != "Other") %>% top_n(10, n) %>% kable(caption = "Most frequent letter positions for a given legislator in a cycle")

Most frequent letter positions for a given legislator in a cycle

bioname	party	cqlabel	letter_position	congress	n
GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	(R)	NA	AntiBusiness	107	108
GRAHAM, Lindsey O.	(R)	NA	AntiBusiness	107	24
GRAHAM, Daniel Robert (Bob)	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	107	22
LUGAR, Richard Green	(R)	NA	AntiBusiness	110	17
CLINTON, Hillary Rodham	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	107	15
FEINSTEIN, Dianne	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	108	15
BYRD, Robert Carlyle	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	108	13
FEINSTEIN, Dianne	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	107	13
HELMS, Jesse	(R)	NA	AntiBusiness	107	13
KERRY, John Forbes	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	109	13
LIEBERMAN, Joseph I.	(D)	NA	AntiBusiness	107	13

# d %>%   filter(str_detect(SUBJECT, "forwards")) %>% add_count(bioname, sort = T) %>% top_n(1, n) %>% select(bioname, SUBJECT) %>% kable(caption = "Letters from the legislator who forwards the most letters")

d %>%
  ggplot() +
  aes(x = congress, fill = letter_position) + 
  geom_bar(position = "dodge") + 
  facet_grid(party_name ~ chamber)

Because Goode in the 107th is such an outlier, we drop these 117 letters

# Because it Goode in the 107th is such an outlier, we drop these 177 letters
d %>% filter(bioname == "GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.", congress == 107) %>% select(ID, bioname, SUBJECT, AntiBusiness, AntiProject) %>% kable()

ID	bioname	SUBJECT	AntiBusiness	AntiProject
DOE_FERC-004709-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil Goode’s letter on behalf of Darryl Holland of Ridgeway, Virginia in opposition to the proposed pipeline in Southwestern Henry County under CP01-415.	NA	The Patriot Project (Pipeline)
DOE_FERC-004716-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil Goode fowards a letter on behalf of Darryl Holland of Ridgeway, VA in opposition to Duke’s pipeline proposed to run through his community under CP01-415.	NA	The Patriot Project (Pipeline)
DOE_FERC-004729-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil Goode forwards recent letter from Senator Roscoe Reynolds et al rconcerning the allegations set forth about surveying on private property without permission, etc under CP02-396.	Duke Energy	NA
DOE_FERC-004737-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil Goode forwards two letters from Henry County Board of Supervisors in Collinsville, Virginia in opposition to the routing of two natural gas pipeline through Henry County, etc under CP01-416 et al.	Duke Energy. Inc.; Dominion Transmission, Inc.	The Patriot Extension Project
DOE_FERC-004743-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative V Goode submits copy of Virginia State Senator Roscoe Reynolds’ 11/18/02 letter regarding the Dominion Greenbrier Pipeline Project for review & response under CP02-396.	NA	NA
DOE_FERC-004764-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil H Goode forwards Ms Cooper of the Floyd Unified Landowners’ Association’s letter concerning the Dominion Pipeline Project under CP02-396.	Greenbrier Pipeline Co. LLC	Dominion Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004789-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of House of Representative Virgil H Goode on behalf of John & Laura Cobler in opposition to Patriot Projects proposed pipeline through Henry County, VA under CP01-415.	Duke Energy. Inc.; Dominion Transmission, Inc.	The Patriot Project
DOE_FERC-004821-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil H Goode Jr once again on behalf of the residents in Henry County expressing their opposition to the pipeline as it crosses Eastern Henry County under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004822-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of House of Representative Virgil Goode once again on behalf of many residents in Henry County in opposition to the Dominion Pipeline crossing their properties under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004834-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil Goode forwards opposition of many residents in Henry County to the Dominion Pipeline proposal, etc under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004836-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House Representative Virgil H Goode forwards statements from Warren B Robertson whom stands in opposition to the Dominion Pipeline crossing over into his property under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004837-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode Jr forwards a letter from Silas Keen concerning Dominion Pipeline proposal for FERC’s review under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004838-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil Goode Jr fowards the letter from Betty Jo Robertson in opposition to Dominion Pipeline proposal as it crosses eastern Henry County under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004839-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil Goode Jr fowards the letter from Silas Keen in opposition to and concern about the pipeline as it crosses eastern Henry County for FERC’s review under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004840-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	The Honorable Virgil H Goode expresses his opposition and concern abouth Dominion Pipeline proposal as it crosses eastern Henry County under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004842-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representaive Virgil Goode, Jr forwards letters from his constitutents concerning their opposition to the Dominion Pipeline proposal under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004844-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of Representative Virgil Goode once again on behalf of many residents in Henery Conuty in opposition to Dominion Pipeline proposal under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004845-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of the US Representative Virgil Goode on behalf of the residents in Henry County once again in opposiiton to the Dominion Pipeline proposal for crossing their properties under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004863-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of Representative Virgil H Goode Jr once again sharing concerns for the residents in Henery County, opposition to Dominion Pipeline proposal under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004864-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil Goode forwards letters & statements from BC & CR Reed in opposition to the Dominion Pipeline proposal crossing their properties under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004869-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US House of Representatives submits statements from Gladys Harris, Jerry & Nora Tolbert in opposition to Pipelines as it crosses Eastern Henry County under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004873-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil H Goode encloses a letter from Ronald Mitchell of Martinsville, VA re the Dominion Pipeline proposal to run a pipeline from West Virginia to North Carolina etc under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004880-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of Virgil Goode in opposition to & concern about Dominion Pipeline as it crosses eastern Henry County under CP02-396.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004889-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Represenative Virgil Goore expresses his concerns re the Dominion Pipeline’s proposal to cross Henry County on its way from West Virginia to North Carolina under PF01-1 et al.ls	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004891-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil Goode’s comments regarding the Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County by Dominion Transmission, Inc under CP02-396 et al. tm	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004976-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode forwards comments from J T Martin et al in opposition to the proposed location of Dominion Transmission, Inc’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County, VA under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004979-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode forwards comments from Elizabeth Dorton in opposition to the proposed location of Dominion Transmission, Inc’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County, VA under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004983-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode forwards letter from Damon G Hill in opposition to the proposed location of Dominion Transmission, Inc’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County, VA under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-004984-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode forwards comments from Savannah Hampton in opposition to the proposed location of Dominion Transmission, Inc’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County, VA under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005016-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Boby Eanes et al in opposition to the proposed location of Dominion Transmission, Inc’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005020-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of US Representative Virgil Goode, Jr in opposition to Dominion Plantation Pipeline’s proposed route through heavily popultated areas of Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005021-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil Goode, Jr requests that FERC grant Charles H Ellis request for an extension of time until 7/3/02 for comments on the Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Patriot Project under CP01-415 et al.	NA	NA
DOE_FERC-005036-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil Goode submits comments concerning Dominion Transmission, Inc’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005062-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of Representative Virgil Goode expressing his concerns & forwarding letter from Clyde P Martin et al dated 5/13/02, in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005063-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil Goode submits a letter from G Moore in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005064-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of Representative Virgil Goode expressing his concerns & forwarding letter from Patsy Cole dated 5/13/02, in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005065-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil Goode submits a letter from Jeannie Payne in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005066-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of Representative Virgil Goode expressing concerns & forwarding letter from Louise Lamb dated 5/13/02, in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005067-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil Goode submits a letter from Derrick Clark in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005068-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil Goode submits a letter from Michael Cole in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005073-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Respresentative Virgil H Goode forwards Nancy D Valentine’s letter in opposition to the proposed location fo the Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005107-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Congressman Virgil H Goode forwards a letter from Capitola Hiser Scales expressing opposition to the Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County by Dominion Transmission, Inc under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005127-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil H Goode, on behalf of the citizens in Henry County, expresses their opposition to the proposed location of the Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005134-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Edith Yvonne Harris in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005134-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Edith Yvonne Harris in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005135-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Kevin Williams in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005136-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Marvin Keen in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005137-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from B Berry in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005138-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Monica Smith in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005139-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Edith Yvonne Harris in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Pipeline Corp	Dominion’s Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005139-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Edith Yvonne Harris in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005140-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Tom Scales in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005141-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Malcom and Agnes Joyce in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005142-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Craig D Keen in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005143-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Freddie, Valerie and Rosa Bell Dillard in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005144-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Michael R Farrington in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005145-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Mr and Mrs Ronald Wilson in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005146-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Troy Tinsley in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005147-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Philip Dillard in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005148-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Nannie H Foye in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed location of the Greenbrier Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005150-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Honorable Virgil Goode Jr writes to FERC regarding communications from a number of citizens in his district requesting an extension of time for the comment period on the Patriot pipeline Environmental Impact Report under CP01-415.	NA	NA
DOE_FERC-005203-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode submits comments from Thomas V Wells in opposition to proposed location of Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County by Dominion Transmission, Inc under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005204-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode discusses concerns from citizens in Henry County & submits comments from R Keith & Gwen H Smith in opposition to proposed location of Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County by Dominion Transmission, Inc.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005205-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode discusses concerns from citizens in Henry County & submits comments from Lewis and Kim Kidd in opposition to proposed location of Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County by Dominion Transmission, Inc, PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005206-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode submits comments from Glen J and Juanita S Harding in opposition to proposed location of Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County by Dominion Transmission, Inc under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005207-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode submits comments from Adrienne Hermes in opposition to proposed location of Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County by Dominion Transmission, Inc for review under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005208-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode expresses concerns from citizens of Henry County & submits comments from James & Cevera Stone in opposition to proposed location of Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County by Dominion Transmission, Inc, PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005209-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode submits comments from Sue Rosser in opposition to proposed location of Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County by Dominion Transmission, Inc under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbrier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005211-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil Goode, Jr informs FERC of request of a number of citizens for an extenison for the comment period on the Patriot Pipline Enviromental Impact Report under CP01-415.	NA	Patriot Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005255-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Congressman Virgil Goode forwards constitients Jane Leizer et al letters concerning the Dominion Pipeline proposal as it run through portions of Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Dominion Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005380-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Representatives Virgil H Goode submits a letter concerning the Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County by Dominion Transmission, Inc under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Dominion Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005381-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Representative Virgil H Goode forwards letter received from Mr R Darryl Holland regarding the Patriot Pipline proposed by Duke Energy under PF01-1.	Duke Energy	Patriot Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005382-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Dr Steven J Landau in opposition to the proposed Greenbriar Pipeline Project by Dominion Transmission Inc under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005383-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from Maynard G Handy in opposition to the proposed Greenbriar Pipeline Project by Dominion Transmission Inc under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005384-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Virgil H Goode of the House of Representatives informs FERC’s that a number of persons have contacted him to express their concerns about the location of the proposed Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline in eastern henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005385-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards letter from William R McDaniel and the Mount Olivet Ruritan Club in opposition to the proposed Greenbriar Pipeline Project by Dominion Transmission Inc under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005386-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil H Goode, Jr forwards a letter from Sammy and Robin Wright in opposition to the proposed location of the Greenbriar Pipeline Project through Henry County by Dominion Transmission Inc under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005387-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Representatives Virgil H Goode submits a letter concerning the Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County by Dominion Transmission Inc under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005388-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Represenative VH Goode submits letter from GH Smith opposing the proposed location of the Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005389-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Represenative VH Goode submits letter from RD Caudill opposing the proposed location of the Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005390-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Represenative VH Goode submits letter from RK Smith opposing the proposed location of the Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005391-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Represenative Virgil H Goode submits letter from DE Bryant opposing the proposed location of the Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005392-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Represenative VH Goode submits letter from CC Wilson opposing the proposed location of the Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005393-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Represenative Member Virgil H Goode submits letter from Dwight & Anne Stultz opposing the proposed location of the Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005394-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Represenative VH Goode submits letter from MR Scott opposing the proposed location of the Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005396-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Represenative VH Goode submits letter from CT Wimbush in opposition to the proposed location of the line concerning Greenbrier Pipeline Project through Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission Inc	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-005429-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Honorable Virgil H Goode forwards correspondence received from Donald Bull re Tuscarora 2002 Expansion project in Nevada & California etc under P-2210.	NA	NA
DOE_FERC-005436-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil Goody discusses his concerns in addition to submitting comments from Mr & Mrs Stephen Ihrig re Dominion Pipeline proposal as it runs through portions of Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005437-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Representatives Virgil Goode informs FERC that a number of persons have contacted him from Henry County, VA to express their concerns in opposition to Dominion Pipeline proposal as it runs through portions of Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005438-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	US Represenative Virgil Goode, Jr submits comments of SL Sater concerning the location of the proposed Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline in Eastern Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005439-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Represenative Virgil Goode submits comments of TD Knight concerning the location of the proposed Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline in eastern Henry County, VA under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005440-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Represenative Virgil Goode submits comments of E Riddle concerning the location of the proposed Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline in eastern Henry County, VA under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005441-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Represenative Virgil Goode submits comments of JG Mitchell concerning the location of the proposed Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline in Henry County, VA under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005442-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Represenative Virgil H Goode submits comments of C & K Turner concerning the location of the proposed Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline in Eastern Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005448-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of Senator Virgil Godde on behalf of JW & MW Turner opposing Dominion Transmission, Inc’s pipeline proposal as it runs through portions of Henry County, VA under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005449-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil Goode forwards correspondence from Kirby & Alice Ann Blevins concerning the Dominion Pipeline proposal for FERC response under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005456-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Representative Virgil Goode submits comments of Howard S Leizer opposing the location of the proposed Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline in Henry County, VA under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005457-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Congressman Virginl Good, JR forwards comments Lynn Garrett in opposition to Dominion Transmission, Inc’s proposed Greenbriar Pipeline Project for FERC response under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005458-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Represenative Virgil Goode submits comments of J & D Byrd opposing the location of the proposed Dominion-Greenbrier Pipeline in Henry County, VA under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005478-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of US House of Representative Virgil Godde expressing his concerns re the Dominion Pipeline proposal as it runs through portions of Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005479-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of US House of Representative Virgil Godde expressing his concerns re the Dominion Pipeline proposal as it runs through portions of Henry County under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005482-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Honorable H Goode submits letter from Charles M Aaron describing the problems that Dominion Pipeline Greenbrier pipeline could cause as it runs through portions of Henry County, Virginia under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005485-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	House of Representative Virgil H Goode forwards letter from Mr and Mrs Kuykendall regarding the Greenbrier Pipeline project as it crosses Henry County, Virginia under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005486-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil Goode forwards an article that appeared in the Martinsville Bulletin which indicates a number residents that are greatly concerned about the location of the possible Dominion Pipeline under PF01-1.	Dominion Transmission	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005502-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Honorable Virgil H Goode provides an e-mail from Mr Warren Ibaugh of Moneta Virginia regarding the water levels on Smith Mountain Lake under P-2210.	NA	AEP Project
DOE_FERC-005522-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of Represenative Virgil H Goode, Jr expressing concerns about how much ratepayers will have to pay for electricity in the service area of Mecklenburg Electric Cooperative and requests a reply.	John Kerr Dam	NA
DOE_FERC-005594-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of Representative Virgil Goode in opposition to the Partoit Pipeline in Southwestern Henry County & Patrick County under CP01-415.	NA	Duke Patriot Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005782-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of the House of Representatives in opposition to the Patriot Extension pipeline through Patrick County re East Tennessee Natural Gas Company under CP01-415.	East Tennesse Natural Gas Company	Patriot Extension Pipeline
DOE_FERC-005914-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil H Goode forwards for FERC’s review, a letter from Cindy Boebling of Patrick County, VA expressing opposition to the pipeline proposed to go through Patrick & Floyd Counties, VA.	Dominion Transmission Inc.	Greenbier Pipeline Project
DOE_FERC-006034-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Honorable Virgil H Goode forwards an e-mail from Troy & Susan Strickland concerning the potential environmental problems & loss of property that a Natural Gas pipeline, the Patriot Extension project may cause in their area.	East Tennesse Natural Gas Company	Patriot Extension Project
DOE_FERC-006035-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Rep Virgil H Goode forwards emails from Richard & Barbara Smith et al concerning the Duke Energy proposal to build the Patriot Extension natural gas pipeline.	East Tennesse Natural Gas Company	Patriot Extension Project
DOE_FERC-006036-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil H Goode forwards 6/5/01 letter from James Hancock of Patrick County, Virginia opposing the Dominion Greenbrier Pipeline through Patrick County.	Dominion	Greenbrier Pipeline
DOE_FERC-006039-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Representative Virgil H Goode’s comments in opposition to the Patriot Expansion by Duke Energy.	Duke Energy	Patriot Extension Project
DOE_FERC-006041-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	Comments of Representative Virgil Goode asking if FERC have any policy with regards to leasing of pipeline easements instead of acquiring them in fee simple when a pipeline crosses someone’s land for the first time etc.	NA	NA
DOE_FERC-006044-89767	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	The Honorable Virgil H Goode Jr forwards a letter from Joan Holmes-Blankenship dated Febraury 28, 2001 requesting a copy of FERC’s application for the project that goes through Henry County, VA etc.	NA	NA

d %<>% filter(!(bioname =="GOODE, Virgil H., Jr." & congress == 107))

---

By party and majority status

d %<>% 
  mutate(For = NA,
         For = ifelse(letter_position == "ProBusiness", "Business", Constituent),
        For = ifelse(For == "Indiv. Constituent", "Individual Constituent", For),
         For = ifelse(For == "Non_constituent", "Other", For)) 

d %>% 
  count(party_name, For, majority) %>% 
  filter(party_name != "Independent",
         #!is.na(For),
         For != "Not coded",
         For != "Other",
         !is.na(majority)) %>% 
  group_by(party_name, majority) %>% 
  mutate(percent = n / sum(n) * 100 ) %>% 
  ggplot() + 
  aes(y = percent, x = "", fill = For) + 
  geom_col(position = "stack") + 
  #geom_text(aes(label = n)) +
  facet_grid(majority ~ party_name) + 
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "C", end = .8) + 
    labs(x = "",
       fill = "Advocating for",
       y = "Percent of Letters to FERC") + 
  theme_minimal() + 
  theme(panel.grid.major.x  = element_blank())

# by congress
d %>% 
  count(party_name, For, majority, congress) %>% 
  filter(party_name != "Independent",
         #!is.na(For),
         For != "Not coded",
         For != "Other",
         !is.na(majority)) %>% 
  group_by(party_name, majority) %>% 
  mutate(percent = n / sum(n) * 100 ) %>% 
  ggplot() + 
  aes(y = n, x = congress, fill = For) + 
  geom_col(position = "stack") + 
  #geom_text(aes(label = n)) +
  facet_grid(majority ~ party_name) + 
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "C", end = .8) + 
    labs(x = "",
       fill = "Advocating for",
       y = "Percent of Letters to FERC") + 
  theme_minimal() + 
  theme(panel.grid.major.x  = element_blank())

By president’s party

d %<>% mutate(copartisan = ifelse(party_name == party_president, "Copartisan\nPresident", "Non-copartisan\nPresident"),
              party_copartisan = paste(party_name %>% str_remove(" Party"), copartisan, sep = "\nLegislator & \n"),
              majority_copartisan = paste(majority, copartisan, sep = "\nLegislator & \n"))
# with president 


# wide 
d %>% 
  filter(party_name != "Independent",
         #!is.na(For),
         For != "Not coded",
         For != "Other",
         !is.na(majority_copartisan)) %>% 
    count(party_copartisan, For, majority) %>% 
  group_by(party_copartisan, majority) %>% 
  mutate(percent = n / sum(n) * 100 ) %>% 
  ggplot() + 
  aes(y = percent, x = "", fill = For) + 
  geom_col(position = "stack") + 
  #geom_text(aes(label = n)) +
  facet_grid(majority ~ party_copartisan) + 
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "C", end = .8) + 
    labs(x = "",
       fill = "Advocating for",
       y = "Percent of Letters to FERC") + 
  theme_minimal() + 
  theme(panel.grid.major.x  = element_blank())

# by congress 
d %>% 
  filter(party_name != "Independent",
         #!is.na(For),
         For != "Not coded",
         For != "Other",
         !is.na(majority_copartisan)) %>% 
    count(party_copartisan, For, majority, congress) %>% 
  group_by(party_copartisan, majority) %>% 
  mutate(percent = n / sum(n) * 100 ) %>% 
  ggplot() + 
  aes(y = n, x = congress, fill = For) + 
  geom_col(position = "stack") + 
  #geom_text(aes(label = n)) +
  facet_grid(majority ~ party_copartisan) + 
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "C", end = .8) + 
    labs(x = "",
       fill = "Advocating for",
       y = "Percent of Letters to FERC") + 
  theme_minimal() + 
  theme(panel.grid.major.x  = element_blank())

d %>% filter(party_name == "Republican Party",
             congress== 110,
             Type == "Indiv. Constituent") %>% 
  count(congress, party_name, name_state, Type, sort = T)

## # A tibble: 49 × 5
##    congress party_name       name_state       Type                   n
##       <dbl> <chr>            <chr>            <chr>              <int>
##  1      110 Republican Party Lugar (R-IN)     Indiv. Constituent    19
##  2      110 Republican Party Shuster (R-PA)   Indiv. Constituent    12
##  3      110 Republican Party Collins (R-ME)   Indiv. Constituent    11
##  4      110 Republican Party Cochran (R-MS)   Indiv. Constituent     8
##  5      110 Republican Party Platts (R-PA)    Indiv. Constituent     8
##  6      110 Republican Party Specter (R-PA)   Indiv. Constituent     8
##  7      110 Republican Party Mchugh (R-NY)    Indiv. Constituent     6
##  8      110 Republican Party Alexander (R-LA) Indiv. Constituent     5
##  9      110 Republican Party Hutchison (R-TX) Indiv. Constituent     5
## 10      110 Republican Party Pence (R-IN)     Indiv. Constituent     5
## # … with 39 more rows

d %>% filter(party_name == "Democratic Party",
             congress== 115,
             letter_position == "ProBusiness") %>% 
  add_count(congress, party_name, name_state, Type, sort = T) %>%
  slice_max(n) 

## # A tibble: 6 × 109
##   LetterID ID     agency DATE        year congress pattern bioname SUBJECT TYPE 
##   <chr>    <chr>  <fct>  <date>     <dbl>    <dbl> <chr>   <chr>   <chr>   <chr>
## 1 000157   DOE_F… DOE_F… 2018-09-04  2018      115 "ann k… KUSTER… Commen… 2    
## 2 000220   DOE_F… DOE_F… 2018-06-25  2018      115 "ann k… KUSTER… Congre… 2    
## 3 000361   DOE_F… DOE_F… 2018-01-30  2018      115 "ann k… KUSTER… United… 2    
## 4 000373   DOE_F… DOE_F… 2018-01-30  2018      115 "ann k… KUSTER… Commen… 2    
## 5 000615   DOE_F… DOE_F… 2017-03-21  2017      115 "ann k… KUSTER… US Sen… 2    
## 6 000654   DOE_F… DOE_F… 2017-04-03  2017      115 "ann k… KUSTER… U.S. S… 2    
## # … with 99 more variables: ALT_TYPE <chr>, CERTAINTY <chr>,
## #   POLICY_EVENT <chr>, EVENT_NAME <chr>, EVENT_DATE <chr>, NOTES <chr>,
## #   ERROR <chr>, CONSTITUENT_TYPE <chr>, CONSTITUENT_CLASS <chr>,
## #   first_name <chr>, last_name <chr>, icpsr <dbl>, party_name <chr>,
## #   party_code <int>, state <chr>, state_abbrev <chr>, chamber <chr>,
## #   district_code <int>, nominate.dim2 <dbl>, nominate.dim1 <dbl>,
## #   timeframe <chr>, complete <lgl>, bioname_year <chr>, department <chr>, …

d %>% filter(For %in% c("Business", "Individual Constituent"),
             party_name != "Independent") %>%  group_by(congress,  chamber, party, majority, copartisan, name_state, For) %>% 
  summarise(n = n(),
            Corps = paste(ProBusiness, collapse = " + "),
            Subjects = paste(SUBJECT, collapse = " + ") %>%
              str_remove_all("US |United States |Senator |Representative |Congressman |Congresswoman |Members of Congress|Comments of |submits |letter |comments |House of Representative") %>% 
              str_squish() ) %>%
  ungroup() %>% 
  mutate(For = str_sub(For, 1,10),
         copartisan = str_sub(copartisan, 1,10)) %>% 
  group_by(congress, party,  chamber, majority, copartisan, 
           For) %>% 
  slice_max(n, n = 1, with_ties = F) %>% 
  ungroup() %>% 
  select(-copartisan) %>% 
  arrange(-n, majority, party) %>% kable()

congress	chamber	party	majority	name_state	For	n	Corps	Subjects
107	House	(R)	Majority	Graham (R-SC)	Individual	24	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Bob Graham forwards a comment on behalf of his constituent Novette D’Amico re the Gas Compressor Station #27 in Thonotosassa under CP00-40. + Bob Graham forwards constituent Maggie Fowler’s 4/22/02 expressing concerns & opposition to Florida Gas Transmission’s proposed Gas Compression Station 27 re Phase V Expansion Project under CP00-40. + Joe Wilson et al seeking answers from FERC on the decison on lowering the levels of Lake Murray in South Carolina to work on the Saluda Dam under P-516. + Senators JM Spratt, J Wilson, LO Graham, et al requests FERC’s answers to questions relating to the safety & economic effects of the remedial work on the Saluda Dam on Lake Murray under P-516. + Bob Graham fowards from Rich & Lea Bourlon in opposition to the proposed Gas Compressor Station 27 that is part of Florida Gas Transmission Phase V Expansion Project under CP00-40. + Bob Graham fowards from Deborah L Halin in opposition to the proposed Gas Compressor Station 27 that is part of Florida Gas Transmission Phase V Expansion Project under CP00-40. + Bob Graham of Inez Woodruff in opposition to the Proposed Gas Compression Station 27 that is part of Florida Gas Transmission Phase V Expansion Project for FERC’s cooperation & assistance under CP00-40. + Bob Graham of Bonnie Dunn in opposition to the Proposed Gas Compression Station 27 that is part of Florida Gas Transmission Phase V Expansion Project for FERC’s review & assistance under CP00-40. + Bob Graham fowards concerning the Proposed Gas Compression Station 27 that is part of Florida Gas Transmission Phase V Expansion Project and requests a response under CP00-40. + Bob Graham request FERC concerning the proposed Florida Gas Transmission Compression Station 27 under CP00-40. + Bob Graham requests FERC’s response to constituent Sarah Berger’s concerns regarding termination of Hy Power Energy Corp’s exemption under P-10893. + B Graham request FERC re from Mr & Mrs W King concerning Florida Gas Transmssion Co an Enron/El Paso Energy Affiliate under CP00-40. + Bob Graham requests that FERC review the information from T Garwood & provide concerning Florida Gas Transmission Co Phase V Expansion Project Compressor Station under CP00-40. + Bob Graham requests that FERC review the information that has been presented in the enclosed from Ms Lisa Olsen, and provide to the state office re the proposal to apply the Clean Water Act etc under PL01-1. + Honorable Bob Graham forwards correspondence received from Mr William Mapes on behalf of his clients the City of Kissimmee and Osceola County consisting of a motion for leave to accept reply etc under CP00-40. + Honorable Bob Graham forwards for FERC’s review correspondence from Jo Crandell opposing FERC recommendation released 5/5/01 that would limit states power in issuing water quality certification etc under PL01-1. + Bob Graham forwards correspondence of the City of Kissimmee & Osceola County providing an amendment to emergency joint motion for limited re Florida Gas Transmission Co under CP00-40. + Bob Graham forwards Mr & Mrs Peter Kerr’s dated 07/22/01 opposing the proposed natural natural gas Compression Station 31 by Florida Gas Transmission Company under CP00-40. + Bob Graham forwards letters from Elaine Smialek for FERC’s review and re Florida Gas Transmission’s Phase V Expansion-Sanford Lateral Pipeline under CP00-40. + Bob Graham request FERC to provide concerning a from MarDirbin regarding Florida Gas Transmission Co’s Phase V Expansion Project under CP00-40. + Bob Graham appreciate FERC reviewing of proposed natural gas compression station being sited near a densely populated residential area etc under CP00-40 et al. + Bob Graham forwards of RJ Brown concerning the proposed digging of gas pipeline by Colorado Interstate Gas Co under CP01-45. + Bob Graham request FERC to provide information that has been presented and providing regarding a proposal to create a Regional Transmission Original under RT01-67. + The Honorable Bob Graham forwards information to FERC for review and comment under RT01-67.
107	Senate	(D)	Majority	Graham (D-FL)	Individual	22	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Bob Graham forwards a comment on behalf of his constituent Novette D’Amico re the Gas Compressor Station #27 in Thonotosassa under CP00-40. + Bob Graham forwards constituent Maggie Fowler’s 4/22/02 expressing concerns & opposition to Florida Gas Transmission’s proposed Gas Compression Station 27 re Phase V Expansion Project under CP00-40. + Bob Graham fowards from Rich & Lea Bourlon in opposition to the proposed Gas Compressor Station 27 that is part of Florida Gas Transmission Phase V Expansion Project under CP00-40. + Bob Graham fowards from Deborah L Halin in opposition to the proposed Gas Compressor Station 27 that is part of Florida Gas Transmission Phase V Expansion Project under CP00-40. + Bob Graham of Inez Woodruff in opposition to the Proposed Gas Compression Station 27 that is part of Florida Gas Transmission Phase V Expansion Project for FERC’s cooperation & assistance under CP00-40. + Bob Graham of Bonnie Dunn in opposition to the Proposed Gas Compression Station 27 that is part of Florida Gas Transmission Phase V Expansion Project for FERC’s review & assistance under CP00-40. + Bob Graham fowards concerning the Proposed Gas Compression Station 27 that is part of Florida Gas Transmission Phase V Expansion Project and requests a response under CP00-40. + Bob Graham request FERC concerning the proposed Florida Gas Transmission Compression Station 27 under CP00-40. + Bob Graham requests FERC’s response to constituent Sarah Berger’s concerns regarding termination of Hy Power Energy Corp’s exemption under P-10893. + B Graham request FERC re from Mr & Mrs W King concerning Florida Gas Transmssion Co an Enron/El Paso Energy Affiliate under CP00-40. + Bob Graham requests that FERC review the information from T Garwood & provide concerning Florida Gas Transmission Co Phase V Expansion Project Compressor Station under CP00-40. + Bob Graham requests that FERC review the information that has been presented in the enclosed from Ms Lisa Olsen, and provide to the state office re the proposal to apply the Clean Water Act etc under PL01-1. + Honorable Bob Graham forwards correspondence received from Mr William Mapes on behalf of his clients the City of Kissimmee and Osceola County consisting of a motion for leave to accept reply etc under CP00-40. + Honorable Bob Graham forwards for FERC’s review correspondence from Jo Crandell opposing FERC recommendation released 5/5/01 that would limit states power in issuing water quality certification etc under PL01-1. + Bob Graham forwards correspondence of the City of Kissimmee & Osceola County providing an amendment to emergency joint motion for limited re Florida Gas Transmission Co under CP00-40. + Bob Graham forwards Mr & Mrs Peter Kerr’s dated 07/22/01 opposing the proposed natural natural gas Compression Station 31 by Florida Gas Transmission Company under CP00-40. + Bob Graham forwards letters from Elaine Smialek for FERC’s review and re Florida Gas Transmission’s Phase V Expansion-Sanford Lateral Pipeline under CP00-40. + Bob Graham request FERC to provide concerning a from MarDirbin regarding Florida Gas Transmission Co’s Phase V Expansion Project under CP00-40. + Bob Graham appreciate FERC reviewing of proposed natural gas compression station being sited near a densely populated residential area etc under CP00-40 et al. + Bob Graham forwards of RJ Brown concerning the proposed digging of gas pipeline by Colorado Interstate Gas Co under CP01-45. + Bob Graham request FERC to provide information that has been presented and providing regarding a proposal to create a Regional Transmission Original under RT01-67. + The Honorable Bob Graham forwards information to FERC for review and comment under RT01-67.
110	Senate	(R)	Minority	Lugar (R-IN)	Individual	19	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Richard Lugar requesting FERC to respond to his constituent’s communication re the Rockies Express Project under CP07-208. + Richard Lugar requesting FERC to respond to his constituent’s communication re the Rockies Express Project under CP07-208. + Richard Lugar requesting FERC to respond to his constituent’s communication re the Rockies Express Project under CP07-208. + Richard Lugar requesting FERC to respond to his constituent’s communication re the Rockies Express Project under CP07-208. + Richard Lugar requesting FERC to respond to his constituent’s communication re the Rockies Express Project under CP07-208. + Richard Lugar requesting FERC to respond to his constituent’s communication re the Rockies Express Project under CP07-208. + Richard Lugar requesting FERC to respond to his constituent’s communication re the Rockies Express Project under CP07-208. + Richard Lugar requesting FERC to respond to his constituent’s communication re the Rockies Express Project under CP07-208. + Senate Richard Lugar forwards on behalf of an individual re the proposed construction routes of Rockies Express Pipeline in Franklin Co. Indiana under CP07-208. + Richard G Lugar forwards on behalf of his constituent re Rockies Express Pipeline under CP07-208. + their request for inclusion re Rockies Express Pipeline under CP07-208. + Correspondence of Richard G Lugar with Department of Transportation re the proposed Rockies Express Pipeline under CP07-208. + Richard H Lugar re proposed Rockies Express Pipeline - East under CP07-208. + Richard G Lugar expressing concerns on behalf on a constituent re the REX-East Pipeline Project under CP07-208. + Comments on Richard Lugar on behalf of a constituent expressing concerns with the proposed Rockies Express, LLC natural gas pipeline under CP07-208. + Comments on Richard Lugar on behalf of a constituent expressing concerns with the proposed Rockies Express, LLC natural gas pipeline under CP07-208. + Comments on Richard Lugar on behalf of a constituent expressing concerns with the proposed Rockies Express, LLC natural gas pipeline under CP07-208. + Comments on Richard Lugar on behalf of a constituent expressing concerns with the proposed Rockies Express, LLC natural gas pipeline under CP07-208. + Comments on Richard Lugar on behalf of a constituent expressing concerns with the proposed Rockies Express, LLC natural gas pipeline under CP07-208.
107	Senate	(R)	Minority	Helms (R-NC)	Individual	14	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Jesse Helms provides correspondence with FERC as follow-up to the July 29, 2002 re watrer level of high Rock Lake located in Piedmont area of North Carolina under P-2197. + Jesse Helms forwards a from Terry Bowman dated 7/15/02concerning the water level in High Rock Lake in Davidson & Rowan Countes, NC re Yadkin Project under P-2197. + Jesse Helms forwards a from Lou G Adkins dated 7/25/02 concerning the water level of High Rock Lake located in the Piedmont area of NC re Yadkin Project under P-2197. + Jesse Helms forwards a recent from Jean Clendenin re the water level of High Rock Lake, NC for the High Rock Lake re Yadkin Project under P-2197. + Jesse Helms a further reference to previous correspondence of May 2, 2001 regarding Roy L Harris’concerns re the Sundance Expansion Project under CP00-165. + Jesse Helms a further reference to previous correspondence of May 2, 2001 & a follow-up on June 13, 2001 regarding Roy L Harris’concerns re the Sundance Expansion Project under CP00-165. + The Honorable Jesse Helms provides additional information regarding Ada H Blevins on behalf of Mr Roy L Harris, 624 Woodberry Drive, Mooresville, NC 28115 under CP00-165. + Jesse Helms forwards Roy L Harris’ concerning his property being seized re Transkei Sundance Expansion Project under CP00-165. + Honorable Jesse Helms correspondence dated 3/29/01 concerning Roy L Harris request for a rehearing re the Transco Sundance Expansion Project under CP00-165. + Honorable Jesse Helms correspondence dated 3/29/01 concerning Roy L Harris property being seized re Transkei Sundance Expansion Project under CP00-165. + Jesse Helms request FERC’s response to Tom Hilton, Jr’s 2/5/01 concerning the relicensing process currently underway in Graham County, NC under P-2169. + Jesse Helms forwards follow-up letters from Roy Harris and James Morrow regarding the Sundance Expansion Project under CP00-165. + Jesse Helms’ reference to his correspondence dated 12/22/00 regarding Roy L Harris’ continued concerns regarding the Transco Sundance Expansion Project under CP00-165. + Jessee Helms expresses his concerns, on behalf of Audry H Harris, regarding the problems she is experiencing involving Transcontinental pipe Line Corporation’s Sundance Expansion Project under CP00-165.
115	House	(R)	Majority	Mooney (R-WV)	Business	12	NA + Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company + Dominion Energy + NA + TransCanada; Columbia Pipeline Group + DTE Energy; Spectra Energy + NA + NA + NA + Energy Transfer Partners + NA + Columbia Gas Transmission	Alex X. Mooney re the Northern Access Project under CP15-115. + Alex X. Mooney re the Atlantic Sunrise Project under CP15-138. + U.S. Alex X. Mooney re the Supply Header Project under CP15-555. + U.S. Alex X. Mooney re the Gulf Xpress Project under CP16-361. + U.S. Alex X. Mooney re the Mountaineer Xpress Project under CP16-357. + U.S. Alex X. Mooney regarding the NEXGas Transmission Pipeline Project under CP16-22. + Alex X. Money re the Mountain Valley Pipeline Project under CP16-10. + Alex X. Money re the Leach XPress Project under CP15-514. + Alex X. Money re the WB XPress Project under CP16-38. + Alex X. Mooney regarding the Rover Pipeline Project under CP15-93. + Richard Hudson et al submit re the Atlantic Coast Pipeline Project under CP15-554. + Alex X. Mooney re the Eastern Panhandle Expansion Project under CP17-80.
109	House	(D)	Minority	Skelton (D-MO)	Individual	12	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Ike Skelton forwards on behalf of an individual re docks at the Bella Terra Villas at the Lake of the Ozarks under P-459. + Ike Shelton forwards of an individual expressing concerns re Lake of Ozarks under P-459. + Ike Skelton forwards communication from an individual stating that Ameren UE have changed the rules and regulations for building homes and boat docks on the Lake of the Ozarks etc under P-459. + Ike Skelton forwards a from his constituent regarding the dispute/take-over of a lake front lot located on Lake of Ozarks under P-459. + Ike Skelton forwards a on behalf of a constituent re the shoreline management plan for the Lake of the Ozarks under P-459. + Ike Skelton on behalf of his constituents expressing concerns with a property dispute/take over of a lake front lot located on Lake of the Ozarks under P-459. + Ike Skelton on the shoreline management plan for the Oasage Project property etc under P-459. + Ike Skelton request FERC to keep him regularly updated in writing regarding FERC’s decision-making process as it relates to AmerenUE’s shoreline management plan under P-459 + Ike Skelton communication from a constitutent regarding the Shoreline Management Plan under P-459. + Ike Skelton forwards the from his constituent for consideration re new rules and restrictions imposed on the Lake of the Ozarks by AmerenUE under P-459. + Ike Skelton forwards the from his constituent for consideration re new rules and restrictions imposed on the Lake of the Ozarks by AmerenUE under P-459. + Ike Skelton highly sensitive matterial regarding Osage River Flood Control Assoc/landowners - suggestions to help maintain Osage River erosion and fluctuation of water levels etc under P-459.
110	House	(R)	Minority	Shuster (R-PA)	Individual	12	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Bill Shuster forwards a on behalf of an individual re the Marcelluss Shale under CP08-15. + Bill Shuster fowards communication for FERC’s consideration re his constituents concerns about the Spectra Energy’s project under CP08-15. + Bill Shuster fowards communication for FERC’s consideration re Mr & Mrs Paul Stup’s concerns about the Spectra Energy’s project under CP08-15. + Bill Shuster forwards from his constituents re PA General Electric under CP08-15. + Bill Shuster forwards from his constituents re PA General Electric under CP08-15. + Bill Shuster forwards from his constituents re PA General Electric under CP08-15. + Bill Shuster forwards from his constituents re PA General Electric under CP08-15. + Bill Shuster forwards on behalf of individuals under CP08-15. + Bill Shuster forwards communications from an individual re the Steckman Ridge Storage Project under CP08-15. + Bill Shuster forwards communications from an individual re the Steckman Ridge Storage Project under CP08-15. + Bill Shuster forwards communications from an individual re the Steckman Ridge Storage Project under CP08-15. + Bill Shuster forwards communications from an individual re the Steckman Ridge Storage Project under CP08-15.
108	House	(R)	Majority	Wilson (R-SC)	Individual	11	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Joe Wilson a letter, on behalf of his constituent, re a problem involving SCE&G’s refill plan for Lake Murray etc matter under P-516. + Joe Wilson forwards a behalf of his constituent regarding a problem involving Lake Murray. + s Joe Wilson a on behalf of constituent regarding a problem involving the refill plan for Lake Murray under P-516. + Represenative Joe Wilson fowards of its constituent Walter Taylor re a problem involving the installation of a concrete boat ramp and a 32 slip dock facility on Lake Murray at Ballentine Sc under P-516. + Joe Wilson forwards copy of a constituents e-mail re a problem involving set aside areas of recreation on Lake Murray for response under P-516. + Joe Wilson writes on behalf of George King regarding a problem involving the Lake Murray Dam under P-516. + Joe Wilson forwards constituent George S Kings’s concerning the Lake Murray Project under P-516. + Joe Wilson forwards a from his constituents Mr & Mrs Alva O Humphries regarding their concerns over the installation of a 32 slip marina & boat ramp on Lake Murray for FERC’s information under P-516. + Joe Wilson forwards his constituant William E Yaun’s motion to intervene in opposition to an application requesting approval to permit installation of a 32 slip marina & boat ramp on Lake Murray for FERC’s response, P-516. + Joe Wilson, on behalf of his constituent, Stephanie Y Taylor expresses concern over the instalallation of a thirty two slip marina and boat ramp on Lake Murray under P-516. + Joe Wilson writes on behalf of constituent Tom Shofner concerning the installation of a thirty-two marina & boat ramp on Lake Murray & requests FERC’s assistance under P-516.
109	House	(R)	Majority	Goode (R-VA)	Individual	11	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Rep Virgil Goode forwards a from his constituent who owns a campground on Smith Mountain Lake and is having difficulty getting approval to repair & replace a portion of her existing boat dock configuration etc under P-2210. + Virgil H Goode fowards concerns on behalf of his constituent who owns a campground on Smith Mountain Lake for a response under P-2210. + Virgil H Goode concerning the cancellation of dock construction and work on rip-rap for certain months during the spring of the year under P-2210. + Representive Virgil H Goode an email from his constituent concerning the volatility of the electric energy markets in this country etc. + Virgil Good forwards a copy of a from the Interim Director of the Virginia Dept of Game & Inland Fisheries regarding the Smith Mountain Lake Project etc under P-2210. + the of Congress concerning Appalachian Power Co’s Shoreline Management Plan for the Smith Mountain Lake under P-2210. + Virgil Goode forwards constiuent regarding FERC licensing of Smith Mountain Lake & Leesville Lake under P-2210. + Virgil H Goode forwards 2/23/05 from George Vogel concerning the Shoreline Management Plan for Smith Mountain Lake of the American Electric Power Co for FERC review under P-2210. + Virgil Goode requesting FERC to show every consideration to the points made in Ronald L Willard’s dated 2/24/05 re the proposed Shoreline Management Plan of American Elecric Power for Smith Mt Lake, P-2210. + Virgil H Good forwards a dated 2/23/04 from George Vogel re the proposed Shoreline Management Plan for Smith Mountain Lake of American Electric Power to be considered by FERC under P-2210. + Virgil H Goode, on behalf of George Vogel expressing concerns with American Electric Power Co’s proposed Shoreline Management Plan under P-2210.
114	House	(R)	Majority	Barletta (R-PA)	Individual	11	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	U.S. Lou Barletta on behalf of his constituent regarding the Atlantic Sunrise Pipeline Project under CP15-138. + U.S. Lou Barletta on behalf of his constituent regarding the Atlantic Sunrise Pipeline Project under CP15-138. + U.S. Lou Barletta on behalf of his constituent regarding the Atlantic Sunrise Pipeline Project under CP15-138. + U.S. Lou Barletta on behalf of his constituent regarding the Atlantic Sunrise Pipeline Project under CP15-138. + U.S. Lou Barletta on behalf of his constituent re the proposed pipeline under CP15-138. + Lou Barletta from a constituent re the proposed Atlantic Sunrise Pipeline Project under CP15-138. + Lou Barletta on behalf of Dr. Linda Quodomine re the pipeline project under CP15-138. + U.S. Lou Barletta on behalf of his constituent regarding the proposed new Central Pipeline North under CP15-138. + U.S. Lou Barletta on behalf of his constituent regarding the proposed new Central Pipeline North under CP15-138. + U.S. Lou Barletta on behalf of his constituent regarding the proposed new Central Pipeline North under CP15-138. + U.S. Lou Barletta on behalf of his constituent regarding the proposed new Central Pipeline North under CP15-138.
109	Senate	(D)	Minority	Cantwell (D-WA)	Individual	11	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Maria Cantwell informs FERC that her constitutent contacted her for assistance with an issue re Williams NW Pipeline dealing unfairly with landowners & requests that FERC direct its response to Jay Pearson of her office, CP05-32. + Maria Cantwell informs FERC that her constitutent contacted her for assistance with an issue re Williams NW Pipeline dealing unfairly with landowners & requests that FERC direct its response to Jay Pearson of her office, CP05-32. + Maria Cantwell informs FERC that her constitutent contacted her for assistance with an issue re Williams NW Pipeline dealing unfairly with landowners & requests that FERC direct its response to Jay Pearson of her office, CP05-32. + Maria Cantwell informs FERC that her constitutent contacted her for assistance with an issue re Williams NW Pipeline dealing unfairly with landowners & requests that FERC direct its response to Jay Pearson of her office, CP05-32. + Maria Cantwell forwards a from her constituent regarding Williams Gas Pipeline existing gas pipeline and associated right of way which is to be replaced with a larger capacity pipeline etc under CP05-32. + Maria Cantwell forwards constituent regarding the FERC and Williams Pipeline Issue under CP05-32. + Maria Cantwell forwards from her constituents seeking FERC’s help to mitigate landowners abuse by powerful Energy Companies such as Willams Pipeline under CP05-32. + Maria Cantwell forwards information from constituent concerning the Williams Pipeline Issues under CP05-32. + Maria Cantwell on behalf of a constituent re Williams Gas Pipeline’s existing gas pipeline under CP05-32. + Maria Cantwell documents on behalf of its constitutent providing explanation of his concerns or request concerning the Williams Pipeline Co’s project under CP01-49. + Maria Cantwell forwards of an individual regarding the Lake Cushman Hydro Electric Project’s re-licensing matter that involves Tacoma Power Project and Lake Cushman and Lake Kokanee, P-460.
107	Senate	(R)	Minority	Thurmond (R-SC)	Business	11	Santee Cooper + ALCOA; CP&I + ALCOA; CP&I + South Carolina Electric and Gas Company + Alcoa; Carolina Power and Light + South Carolina Electric and Gas Company (SCE&G) + South Carolina Electric and Gas Company (SCE&G) + SCANA + SCANA + South Carolina Electric and Gas Company (SCE&G) + South Carolins Electric and Gas (SCE&G)	Strom Thurmond encloses of Truman A Lyon re a situation with the drought in Santee Cooper for FERC’s review & response under P-199. + Drenan Dudley forwards an 8/22/02 from Ernest F Hollings et al regarding the water level in South Carolina etc under P-2197. + Ernest F. Hollings et al re public water supplier forced to shut off its intake on the Waccamaw River and turn to groundwater wells due to the lack of sufficient flow under P-2197. + The Honorable Strom Thurmond forwards the correspondence received from Gerrit J Jobsis for FERC’s assisstance under P-516. + Stom Thurmond enclosing a correspondence from Alfred H Vang, deputy director of South Carolina Departmentof Natural Resources re Alcoa and Carolina Power Light dams etc under P-2197. + Honorable Strom Thurmond forwards correspondence from Mr William Sexton concerning the Whitehead contract/application with South Carolina Electric & Gas under P-516. + Honorable Strom Thurmond forwards correspondence from Mr William Sexton & requests an up-to-date status report concerning Lake Murrary under P-516. + Strom Thurmond requests that FERC disregard a correspondence sent on 9/28/01 on behalf of South Carolina State Chip Huggins regarding the Highway 6/60 Lake Murray Dam Project under P-516. + Strom Thurmond forwards a from South Carolina State Chip Huggins concerning a plan for highway 6/60 near the Lake Murray Dam Project under P-516. + Strom Thurmond requests a status report on the purchase of 4.63 acres of land with South Carolina Electric & Gas Co’s Saluda Proj-516. + Ernest F Hollings, Henry E Brown & Jim DeMint et al on the issues involving South Carolina Electric & Gas Company concerning the Lake Murray Dam, Saluda Project under P-516.
110	House	(D)	Majority	Arcuri (D-NY)	Individual	10	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Michael A Arcuri forwards a from his constituent, Alisa Lykens, to Millennium Pipeline re the construction project for review under CP98-150. + Michael A Arcuri expressing on behalf of constituents re Millennium Pipeline Project under CP98-150. + Michael A Arcuri provides the latest piece of correspondence received from his constituents expressing concerns re the Millennium Pipeline Project and its impact on their water supply under CP98-150. + Michael Arcuri provides correspondence received from his constituents re the Millennium Pipeline Project under CP98-150. + Michael A Arcuri on behalf of a constituent concerning the Millennium Pipeline Project under CP98-150. + Micheal A Arcuri of the s constituents’ concerns with Millennium Pipeline Project. + Michael A Arcuri forwards correspondence on behalf of his constituents concerning the Millennium Pipeline Project and its impacts on their water supply under CP98-150. + Michael A Arcuri forwards correspondence from his constituents with regard to their ongoing concerns about the Millenninum Pipeline Project etc under CP98-150. + Michael A Arcuri forwards correspondence from his constituents with regard to their ongoing concerns about the Millenninum Pipeline Project etc under CP98-150. + Michael A Arcuri encloses correspondence form his constituents, Mr and Mrs Peter Supa, in regard to their on-going concerns with the Millenninum Pipeline Project under CP98-150.
109	House	(R)	Majority	Goode (R-VA)	Business	9	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	House Virgil Goode forwards a from Pittsylvania County, VA in support of allowing pile driving on Smith Mountain Lake between April 15th and June 15th & requests FERC take a positive action in the matter, P-2210. + Virgil H Goode request that FERC allow pile driving to continue during April 15 - June 15 period this year re the Shoreline Management Plan for the Smith Mountain Lake Project under P-2210. + Virgil H Goode requests FERC to expeditiously act on the matter of the efforts to allow pile driving to continue during the April 15 - June 15 period of 2006 on Smith Mountain Lake under P-2210. + Virgil H Goode expresses his appreciation for the FERC having a hearing st the Bedford County Courthouse concerning the Shoreline Management Plan for the Smith Mountain Lake Project under P-2210. + Virgil H Goode expresses appreciation to FERC for having a hearing at the Bedford County Courthouse concerning AEP Shoreline Management Plan etc under P-2210. + Virgil H Goode’s regarding the 4/7/05 meeting at the Bedford County Courthouse in connection with the Shreline Management Plan for Smith Mountain Lake under P-2210. + Virgil H Goode a regarding the 4/7/05 meeting concerning the Shoreline management Plan for the Smith Mountain Proj-2210. + Virgil H Goode urges FERC to give each of the three jurisdictions bordering the lake ample opportunity to present their commentaries about the Shoreline Management Plan for Smith Mountain Lake under P-2210. + Virgil Goode thanks FERC for the April 7th Meeting in connection with the Shoreline Mgt. Plan for Smith Mountain Lake & request that each jurisdiction be given 15 to 20 minutes to make their statements, P-2210.
108	Senate	(D)	Minority	Byrd (D-WV)	Individual	9	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Robert C Byrd forwards correspondence from Retha Warren of Athens, West Virginia expressing concerns about the Greenbrier Pipeline Project under CP02-396. + Robert C Byrd forwards a correspondence from his constituents concerning the Bent Mountain Route alternative for the Greenbrier Pipeline Project under CP02-396. + Robert Byrd forwards a from his constituent Gregory Keatley regarding the Greenbrier Pipeline Project under CP02-396. + Robert Byrd forwards a from his constituent Gregory Keatley regarding the Greenbrier Pipeline Project under CP02-396. + Robert Byrd forwards a from his constituent Gregory Keatley regarding the Greenbrier Pipeline Project under CP02-396. + R C Byrd forwards communication received from Jerry Warren in Athens, WV requesting to be an intervenor for the Greenbrier Pipeline Project under CP02-396 et al. + Robert Byrd a second regarding his on FERC’s 1/27/03 report on the Greenbrier Pipeline Project under CP02-396. + Robert Byrd encloses from constituents Jerry Warren et al responding to of FERC’s 1/27/03 report on the Greenbrier Pipeline Project under CP02-396. + Robert C Byrd on behalf of his constituents expressing their concerns re the proposed Greenbrier Pipeline & requests FERC’s response to the matte under CP02-396 et al.
110	Senate	(D)	Majority	Casey (D-PA)	Individual	8	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Arlen Specter et al re Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corp under CP08-31. + Alexander A Baloga re an eminent domain issue under CP08-15. + Robert P Casey on behalf of a constituent re Sentinel Pipeline Expansion Project under CP08-31. + Robert P Casey on behalf of a constituent expressing concerns with Columbia Gas Co. + Robert P Casey forwards on behalf of individuals re a cat walk being closed at the Conowingo Program Project under P-405. + Robert P Casey forwards on behalf of individuals re a cat walk being closed at the Conowingo Program Project under P-405. + Robert P Casey forwards on behalf of individuals re a cat walk being closed at the Conowingo Program Project under P-405. + Robert P Casey forwards on behalf of individuals re a cat walk being closed at the Conowingo Program Project under P-405.
111	Senate	(D)	Majority	Baucus (D-MT)	Individual	8	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	communication on behalf of his constituent under P-2188. + Max Baucus on behalf of a constituent expressing concerns re the Madison-Missouri Project under P-2188. + Max Baucus from his constituent concerning the shoreline erosion on Lake Helena re the Missouri-Madison Hydroelectric Project under P-2188. + Max Baucus on behalf of his constituents re the Missouri-Madison Hydroelectric Project under P-2188. + Max Baucus on behalf of his constituents communications requesting FERC under P-2188. + Max Baucus communications filing on behalf of one of his constituents Thomas Andersen under P-2188. + Max Baucau communication from his constituents providing on the Hauser Dam consideration under P-2188. + Max Baucus forwards on behalf of the constituent regarding Missouri-Madison Hydroelectric Project.
109	Senate	(R)	Majority	Graham (R-SC)	Individual	8	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Lindsey O Graham forwards a correspondence from a constituent requesting assistance re an issue with FERC’s decision to designate Harmon Cove on Lake Murray as a special recreation area for overnight anchoring, P-516. + forwardsa a copy of follow-up correspondence received from his constitutent Phil Hamby re the Saluda Hydro Project under P-516. + Lindsey O Graham provides correspondence from his constitutent expressing concerns about the decision to designate Two Bird Cove as a recreation area on Lake Murray in Lexington, South Carolina under P-516. + Lindsey O Graham a copy of correspondence that was recently received from a constituent under P-2503. + Lindsey O Graham provides correspondence from his constitutent Phil Hamby expressing concerns about the relicensing of the Proj-516. + Lindsay O Graham forwards a correspondence from an individual re proposed water treatment facility to be utilized as the regional potable water source etc under P-516. + Leaslie Thrasher forwards a from a constitutent regarding Crane Creek Landing and requesting FERC’s attention in the matter under P-2503. + Lindsey O Graham forwards the correspondence received from his constituent commenting on the license issued by FERC to Duke Energy for Lake Keowee Facilities etc under P-2503.
108	House	(D)	Minority	Frank (D-MA)	Business	8	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + Weaver’s Cove Energy	Barney Frank et al strongly requests FERC to release information file via a Critical Energy Infrastructure Information Request to their constituent re the proposed LNG Project under CP04-36 et al. + Congress asking FERC as strongly as possible to release information filed via a Critical Energy Infrastructure information request to Mayor Edward M Lambert of the City of Fall River, MA under CP04-36 et al. + Represenative Barney Frank forwards correpondence of constituent concerning his request for CEII information re Weaver’s Cove Energy, LLC et al & requests FERC’s review and response under CP04-36 et al. + Lisa J Lowney forwards correspondence from constituent requesting FERC postpone the permitting process re Weaver’s Cover Energy, LLC et al until CEII matierials have been received and reviewed etc. + John Tierney et al requesting that FERC create & implement a strategy to ensure liquefied natural gas import facilities are reviewed for construction & expansion based on a regional approach. + Representatives John F Tierney et al requests that FERC create & implement a strategy to ensure liquefied natural gas import facilities are reviewed for construction & expansion based on a regional approach. + Barney Frank forwards remarks re the Draft Environmental Impact Statement for Weaver’s Cove LNG project from the City of Fall River under CP04-36 et al. + Edward M Kennedy et al strongly requests that FERC release to them and the City of Fall River, MA a copy of the Lloyd’s Register Report commissioned by Weaver’s Cove Energy under CP04-36.
107	Senate	(D)	Majority	Cantwell (D-WA)	Business	7	RTO West + RTO West + RTO West + Bonneville Power Administration + Bonneville Power Administration + NA + NA	Peter De Fazio et al regarding stage 2 submission from the RTO West filing utilities under RM01-12. + Peter DeFazio et al’s regarding stage 2 submission from the RTO West filing utilities under RT01-35. + The Congress of the encourages FERC to extend the deadline for comments, protests, and interventions to 60 days regarding the RTO West Filing utilities in the recent submission under RT01-35. + Maria Cantwell welcomes FERC and thank them for convening the infrastructure conference in the great State of Washington under AD01-2. + Maria Cantwell thanks FERC for convening a conference in the State of Washington & encourages FERC t listen to the Northwest perspective on infrastructure issues represented by Governor Locke etc under AD01-2. + & Congress members request FERC to approve the motion for two-year extension of the stay as presented by the Lake Tapps Task Force under P-2494. + Jennifer Dunn et al request that FERC approve the motion for extension of the stay as presented by the Lake Tapps Task Force under P-2494.
111	Senate	(R)	Minority	Graham (R-SC)	Individual	7	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Lindsey O Graham on behalf of a constituent expressing concerns re the rule curve etc under P-1267. + Lindsey O Graham on behalf of a constituent expressing concerns re the rule curve etc under P-1267. + Lindsey O Graham on behalf of a constituent expressing concerns re the rule curve etc under P-1267. + Lindsey O Graham on behalf of a constituent expressing concerns re the rule curve etc under P-1267. + Lindsey Graham correspondence from constituent re the Cloud’s Creek Properties, LLC under P-516. + Lindsey O Graham provides on behalf of his constituent concerning the relicensing and management of Lake Murray under P-516. + Lindsey O Graham on behalf of his constituent re the relicensing and management of Lake Murray under P-516.
106	House	(R)	Majority	Bilirakis (R-FL)	Individual	6	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	The Honorable Micheal Bilirakis forwards received from Mr and Mrs Mark Parhiskari opposing the proposed Buccaneer gas pipeline under CP00-14. + Michael Bilirakis forwards of Clay Colson opposing the route of the pipeline proposed by Buccaneer Gas Pipeline Company under CP00-14. + Micheal Bilirakis requests public comment period on the proposed Buccaneer Gas Pipeline be extended an additional 45 days to provide adequate opportunity for concerned citizens to express their views etc under CP00-14. + Micheal Bilirakis requests FERC’s response to constituents’ concerns re the construction of a pipeline proposed by Buccaneer Gas Pipeline Co, part of which will run through Pasco County, FL under CP00-14. + Michael Bilirakis requests that the public comment period be extended for an additional 45 days to provide adequate opportunity for concerned citizens to express their views/questions about the proposed Buccaneer Gas pipeline, CP00-14. + Represenative Michael Bilirakis forward Marcia H Morris questions concerning a natural gas pipeline that is going to circle their mobile home park under CP00-14.
108	House	(R)	Majority	Goode (R-VA)	Business	6	Grand Harbour + Appalachian Power Corporation + Appalachian Power Company + NA + Grand Harbour LTD. + NA	Virgil Goode Jr forwards on behalf of a constituent re the Grand Harbour Docks under P-2210. + House of Represenative Virgil Goode a privacy form signed by each of the partners of Resource Partners LLC etc re the Appalachian Power Co under P-2210. + Respresentative Virgil H Goode a privacy form signed by each of the partners of Resource Partners, LLC seeking approval of their dock plan etc re Appalachian Power Co under P-2210. + Virgil Goode forwards a from Patrick Lawrence, the County Planner, indicating that the Board of Supervisors for Franklin County had a 4-3 vote on a rezoning applicaiton re Grand Harbour Docks under P-2210. + Virgil Goode on behalf of Patrick Lawrence who indicated that the Board of Supervisors for Franklin County had a 4-3 vote on rezoning application re Grand Harbour Docks, P-2210. + Reprensentative Virgil Goode forwards a dated 9/17/03 from Franklin County Board of Supervisors requesting permissin to intervene etc regarding the Shoreline Management Plan under P-2210.
108	Senate	(R)	Majority	Snowe (R-ME)	Business	6	NA + NA + NA + NA + Central Miane Power Co’s + Central Maine Prower Company	Olympia J Snowe’s request a prompt and thorough explanation of why Quoddy Bay, LLC proposal to site a LNG terminal at Pleasant Point, Maine is so termed. + Olympia J Snowe requests a prompt & thorough explanation of why the Quoddy Bay, LLC proposal to site a LNG terminal at Pleasant point is so termed etc. + Olympia J Snowe forwards a from Walter Norton of South Harpswell, Maine concerning the proposed Liquid Natural Gas facility at the former Navy Fuel Depot site at West Harpswell. + Olympia J Snowe forwards a from Walter North of South Harpswell, Maine concerning the proposed Liquid Natural Gas Facility. + Congress of Olympia J Snowe et al urging FERC to grant the Maine Public Utilities Commission’s and Central Miane Power Co’s request for rehearing of FERC’s 12/20/02 Order under RM01-12 et al. + Olympia Snowe et al urging FERC to grant the request for clarification & rehearing filed the Maine Public Utilities Commission et al etc under ER02-2330.
108	Senate	(R)	Majority	Graham (R-SC)	Individual	6	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Lindsey O Graham forwards the of his constituent Roy Mendelsohn requesting a variance to the Lake Greewood Rule Curve to permit a later draw-down of the lake under P-1267. + Lindsey O Graham forwards the of his constituent expressing concerns with the status of their application for a Boat Dock Permit under P-2503. + Lindsey O graham forwards a correspondence from a constituent regarding the status of a commercial/residential dock application for Water’s Edge subdivision in Oconee County under P-2503. + Lindsey O Graham a correspondence received from Kenneth and Sandy Fox re the installation of a multi boat docking facility designated to berth 40 boats re Westshore Limited dba Spinners Marina under P-516. + Lindsey O Graham forwards correspondence of his constituent Mae Beth M Cox expressing concerns with FERC placing a halt on the sale of fringe land etc under P-516. + Lindsey O Graham forwards Lake Murray Association’s motion to intervene in opposition of Saluda Hydro Project under P-516.
109	Senate	(R)	Majority	Cornyn (R-TX)	Business	6	NA + Exxon Mobil + Cheniere Energy + Cheniere Energy + Cheniere Energy + Cheniere Energy	John Cornyn forwards a from a constituent concerning a Texas Permit to generate electricity & under P-12588. + John Cornyn in support of ExxonMobil’s application to build a liquefied natural gas terminal and pipeline in Golden Pass, Texas under CP04-400 et al. + John Cornyn expressing support for Cheniere Energy’s application to build a new liquefied natural gas import terminal in Corpus Christi, Texas under CP04-37. + John Cornyn expresses his support for the Cheniere Energy’s application to build a new liquefied natural gas import terminal in Corpus Christi, TX under CP04-37. + John Cornyn in support of Cheniere Energy, Inc’s application to build a new liquified natural gas import terminal in Corpus Christi, Texas under CP04-37. + John Cornyn in support of Cheniere Energy, Inc’s application to bulid a new liquefied natural gas import terminal in Corpus Christi, TX under CP04-37.
107	House	(D)	Minority	Smith (D-WA)	Business	6	RTO West + RTO West + RTO West + PacifiCorp + NA + NA	Peter De Fazio et al regarding stage 2 submission from the RTO West filing utilities under RM01-12. + Peter DeFazio et al’s regarding stage 2 submission from the RTO West filing utilities under RT01-35. + The Congress of the encourages FERC to extend the deadline for comments, protests, and interventions to 60 days regarding the RTO West Filing utilities in the recent submission under RT01-35. + Congressmans Brian Baird, Earl Blumenauer & David Wu et al urging FERC to reach a decision on the settlement agreement promptly filed by PacifiCorp re Condit Hydroelectric Project under P-2342. + & Congress members request FERC to approve the motion for two-year extension of the stay as presented by the Lake Tapps Task Force under P-2494. + Jennifer Dunn et al request that FERC approve the motion for extension of the stay as presented by the Lake Tapps Task Force under P-2494.
109	Senate	(D)	Minority	Feinstein (D-CA)	Business	6	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Diane Feinstein et al re the central features of the Electricity Title of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 etc under AD05-7 et al. + Dianne Feinstein et al urging FERC to fulfill both the and spirit of provision and resist efforts to weaken or delay its effective implementation pur to Electricity Title of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, RM06-8 et al. + Dianne Fienstein urging FERC to reconsider its decision and grant the 30 days extension for filing comments, recommendations, terms and conditions until 3/29/06 re PacifiCorp’s Klamath River Hydro Proj-2082. + Diante Fienstein requests FERC to clarify their position on market transparency re natural gas prices. + Dianne Feinstein expressing support for the request of the California Department of Water Resources that the Commission extend the deadline for interventions under P-2100. + Dianne Feinstein et al urges FERC to publish the hydroelectric rules in the form of a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking so that all stakeholder input is carefully weighed befor issung a final rule.
115	House	(D)	Minority	Kuster (D-NH)	Business	6	NA + NA + Sugar River Power LLC + Sugar River Power LLC + Hydro Renewable Energy; Northern Pass Transmission LLC + Hydro Renewable Energy and Northern Pass Transmission LLC	Jeanne Shaheen, et al re the Bellows Falls Hydroelectric Project under P-1855, et al. + Ann McLane Kuster submit re the Livermore Falls Hydroelectric Dam Project under P-2375. + Margret Wood Hassan et al submit re the Lower Village Project under P-9088. + Margret Wood Hassan re the Lower Village Project under P-9088. + Jeanne Shaheen et al submit the proposed Northern Pass Transmission Line Project under ER14-597. + U.S. Jeanne Shaheen et al re the Transmission Services Agreement for the proposed Northern Pass Transmission Line Project under ER11-2377.
112	Senate	(D)	Majority	Kohl (D-WI)	Individual	5	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Herb Kohl expressing concerns on behalf of a constituent re a request for copies of FERC Form 715 that American Transmission Company filed in 2009, 2010 and 2011. + Herb Kohl on behalf of his constituent regarding questions about the enforcement of environmental laws etc. + Herb Kohl on behalf of his constituent regarding questions about the enforcement of environmental laws etc. + Herb Kohl on behalf of his constituent regarding questions about the enforcement of environmental laws etc. + Herb Kohl on behalf of his constituent regarding questions about the enforcement of environmental laws etc.
106	Senate	(R)	Majority	Gramm (R-TX)	Individual	5	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Shannon Summers requests a response from FERC re the Toledo Bend Dam Operations and their lack of cooperation, P-2305. + Shannon Summers request a response from FERC re the Sabine River Authority’s Emergency Action Plan, Toledo Bend Reservoir Project, P-2305. + Phil Gramm forwards the concerns of Annette Welch regarding Koch Gateway Pipeline Co proposes to abandon in place the western portion of its Latex-Fort Worth Mainline & Associated Laterals in Kaufman & Tarrant Counties, Texas under CP99-284. + Phil Graham (Texas) correspondence D Killina re the operation of Toledo Bend Dam for FERC review under P-2305. + Phil Graham inquiry from 1(one) of his constituents under CP99-284.
107	House	(R)	Majority	Dunn (R-WA)	Business	5	RTO West + RTO West + RTO West + NA + NA	Peter De Fazio et al regarding stage 2 submission from the RTO West filing utilities under RM01-12. + Peter DeFazio et al’s regarding stage 2 submission from the RTO West filing utilities under RT01-35. + The Congress of the encourages FERC to extend the deadline for comments, protests, and interventions to 60 days regarding the RTO West Filing utilities in the recent submission under RT01-35. + & Congress members request FERC to approve the motion for two-year extension of the stay as presented by the Lake Tapps Task Force under P-2494. + Jennifer Dunn et al request that FERC approve the motion for extension of the stay as presented by the Lake Tapps Task Force under P-2494.
114	House	(R)	Majority	Marino (R-PA)	Business	5	PennEast + UGI Sunbury LLC + UGI Sunbury LLC + UGI Sunbury LLC + UGI Sunbury,LLC	U.S. Tom Marino regarding the PennEast Pipeline Project under CP15-558. + U.S. Tom Marino re UGI Sunbury, LLC’s Sunbury Pipeline Project under CP15-525. + Tom Marino regarding the Sunbury Pipeline Project under CP15-525. + U.S. Tom Marino re the Sunbury Pipeline Project under CP15-525. + U.S. Tom Marino re UGI Sunbury, LLC’s pre-filing process to build the Sunbury Pipeline Project under PF15-9.
115	House	(R)	Majority	Goodlatte (R-VA)	Individual	5	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Bob Goodlatte re the Atlantic Coast Pipeline Project under CP15-554. + Bob Goodlatte forwards on behalf of his constituents re the Atlantic Coast Pipeline Project under CP15-554. + Bob Goodlatte forwards on behalf of his constituent re the Atlantic Coast Pipeline Project under CP15-554. + U.S. Bob Goodlatte re the Mountain Valley Pipeline under CP16-10. + U.S. Bob Goodlatte re the Mountain Valley Pipeline Project under CP16-10.
115	Senate	(R)	Majority	Cassidy (R-LA)	Business	5	NA + Tellurian Inc + NA + NA + NA	U.S. John Kennedy, et al re Venture Global Plaquemines LNG, LLC and Venture Global Gator Express, LLC under CP17-66, et al. + Bill Cassidy re Driftwood LNG & Driftwood Pipeline Project under CP17-117 et al. + U.S. Congressmen Bill Cassidy et al re the Venture Global Calcasieu Pass and TransCameron Pipeline Projects under CP15-550 et al. + U.S. Bill Cassidy et al re the Driftwood LNG and Driftwood Pipeline under CP17-117 and CP17-118 et al. + Bill Cassidy, M.D. et al re the Driftwood LNG & Driftwood Pipeline under CP17-117 et al.
108	Senate	(D)	Minority	Wyden (D-OR)	Business	5	NA + NA + Nevada Power Company; Sierra Pacific power Company; Enron Power Marketing, Inc. American Electric Power Sercvices, Corp.; Morgan Stanley Capital Group Inc.; BP Energy Company; Allegheny Energy Supply Company + Nevada Power Company; Sierra Pacific power Company; Enron Power Marketing, Inc. American Electric Power Sercvices, Corp.; Morgan Stanley Capital Group Inc.; BP Energy Company; Allegheny Energy Supply Company + NA	Gordon H Smith expresses interest in the ongoing proceeding relating to the relicensing of the Pelton Round Butte Project under P-2030. + Persons Gordon Smith et al re the efficiency and reliability of the nation’s electrical system etc. + Maria Cantwell et al writes FERC in support of the requests for rehearing filed by complainants in Nevada Power Co & Sierra Power Co v Enron Power Marketing, Inc et al under EL02-28 et al. + Maria Cantwell et al in support of the request for rehearing of June 26 order filed by the complaints under EL02-28 et al. + Wyden et al expresses their interest in the ongoing proceeding relating to the relicensing of the Pelton Round Butte Project under P-2030.
115	Senate	(D)	Minority	Hassan (D-NH)	Business	5	NA + Sugar River Power LLC + Sugar River Power LLC + Hydro Renewable Energy; Northern Pass Transmission LLC + Hydro Renewable Energy and Northern Pass Transmission LLC	Jeanne Shaheen, et al re the Bellows Falls Hydroelectric Project under P-1855, et al. + Margret Wood Hassan et al submit re the Lower Village Project under P-9088. + Margret Wood Hassan re the Lower Village Project under P-9088. + Jeanne Shaheen et al submit the proposed Northern Pass Transmission Line Project under ER14-597. + U.S. Jeanne Shaheen et al re the Transmission Services Agreement for the proposed Northern Pass Transmission Line Project under ER11-2377.
111	House	(R)	Minority	Mchenry (R-NC)	Individual	5	NA + NA + NA + NA + NA	Patrick McHenry on behalf of his constituent Rex Bumgarner re the Lookout Shoals Dam under P-2232. + Patrick McHenry on behalf of his constituent discusses Duke Energy additional piers on private property etc. + House of Represenative Patrick McHency dated 3/18/10 in response to inquiry on behalf of his constituent re the status of FERC’s review of Duke Energy’s Report etc. + Congress e-mail correspondence re the flooding at a Duke Energies impoundment under P-2232. + House of Reprensative Patrick McHenry correspondence from his constituent regarding a pending inquiry he has with FERC under P-2232.
106	Senate	(R)	Majority	Helms (R-NC)	Business	4	NA + NA + NA + Transcontinental Gas Pipeline Corporation	Jesse Helms forwards from Roy Harris, expressing concerns regrading the Transco Sundance Expansion Project under CP00-165. + Jesse Helms forwards follow-up from Ada Belvins, expressing concerns regrading the Transco Sundance Expansion Project under CP00-165. + Honorable Jesse Helms from Larry Jones re FERC’s Environmental Assessment, Shoreline Management Plan re Yadkin Hydroelectric Proj-2197 for FERC review. + (Jessee Helms) request a response from FERC re the proposed Sundance Expansion Project of the Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corporation under CP00-165.
112	House	(R)	Majority	Mchenry (R-NC)	Individual	4	NA + NA + NA + NA	on behalf of his constituents requests additional information pertaining to the status of Duke Energy’s licensing renewal for the Catawba River Basin under P-2232. + Correspondence from Patrick McHenry regarding concerns involving lease fees charged for boat slip access on a Duke Energy maintained impoundment under P-2232. + Correspondence from Patrick T McHenry to U.S. Department of Energy on behalf of a conconstituent re concerns involving lease fees charged for boat slip access on Duke Energy maintained impoundment under P-2232. + Patrick T McHenry expressing concerns on behalf of his constituent re boat dock fees on Lake Norman under P-2232.
113	House	(R)	Majority	Hurt (R-VA)	Individual	4	NA + NA + NA + NA	Robert Hurt re the Atlantic Coast Pipeline Project under PF15-6. + Robert Hurt on behalf of his constituent request assistance in obtaining a meeting with a representative from the FERC and residents of Buckningham County, VA re the proposed Dominion Pipeline Project. + Robert Hurt on behalf of his constituent request assistance in obtaining information on how decisions are made and to request a meeting with a FERC representative and residents of Buckingham County, VA. + U.S. Robert Hunt re the Smith Mountain Project under P-2210.
114	Senate	(R)	Majority	Cassidy (R-LA)	Business	4	Magnolia LNG LLC + NA + Gulf South Pipeline Company, LP + Magnolia LNG LLC	Bill Cassidy re the Magnolia LNG Project under CP14-347. + Bill Cassidy regarding the Venture Global Calcasieu Pass Project et al under CP15-550. + Bill Cassidy on rate and restructuring filed by Gulf South Pipeline Company, LP under RP15-65. + U.S. Bill Cassidy re Magnolia LNG LLC’s application seeking authorization for its proposed liquefied natural gas export facility under CP14-347.
115	Senate	(R)	Majority	Young (R-IN)	Individual	4	NA + NA + NA + NA	Todd Young on behalf of his constituent re Panhandle Eastern Pipeline Company. + Todd Young on behalf of his constituent re Panhandle Eastern Pipeline Company. + Todd Young on behalf of his constituent re Panhandle Eastern Pipeline Company. + Todd Young on behalf of his constituent re Panhandle Eastern Pipeline Company.
106	Senate	(D)	Minority	Kohl (D-WI)	Individual	4	NA + NA + NA + NA	Honorable Russ Feingold et al petition from their constituents regarding the Guardian Pipeline project under CP00-36. + Herb Kohl request a response from FERC to Larry McPartlin’s January 7, 2000 re Wisconsin Valley Improvement Co, P-2113. + Herbert Kohl forwards correspondence from his constituents regarding Guardian Pipeline projects under CP00-36. + Herb Kohl request a response from FERC re the Guardian Pipeline Project under CP00-36.
107	House	(D)	Minority	Boucher (D-VA)	Individual	4	NA + NA + NA + NA	Represenative Rick Boucher urges Dominion Resources to honor the Floyd Countt officials request re the proposed Greenbrier Pipeline’s natural gas pipeline project under CP02-396. + Rick Boucher on behalf of several constituents requests that FERC provide a written explanation of the process to be followed by Duke Energy Corp in obtaining approval of the proposed Patriot Extension Natural Gas Pipeline route etc. + Rick Boucher on behalf of several constituents requests that FERC provide a written explanation of the process to be followed by Duke Energy Corp in obtaining approval of the proposed Patriot Extension Natural Gas Pipeline route etc. + Rick Boucher on behalf of several constituents requests that FERC provide a written explanation of the process to be followed by Duke Energy Corp in obtaining approval of the proposed Patriot Extension Natural Gas Pipeline route etc.
108	House	(D)	Minority	Frank (D-MA)	Individual	4	NA + NA + NA + NA	Barney Frank et al requesting that FERC extend the public comment period re the Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Weaver’s Cove Energy LLC’s et al LNG facility under CP04-36 et al. + Senators Edward M Kennedy et al concerning FERC’s study Consequences Assessment Methods for Incidents Involving Releases from Liquefied Natural Gas Carries by ABS Consultants under CP04-36 et al. + Barney Frank et al expresses concerns re FERC’s study, Consequences Assessment Methods for Involving Releases from Liquefied Natural Gas Carriers by ABS Consultants etc under CP04-43 et al. + of Congress requests that FERC extend its deadline for public comment on the application by Weaver’s Cove Energy for an LNG Facility in Fall River, Massachsetts under CP04-36 et al.
109	House	(D)	Minority	Ortiz (D-TX)	Business	4	NA + Occidental Petroleum + NA + NA	Solomon P Ortiz’s request that FERC include the Cheniere Corpus Christi LNG Import Terminal & Pipeline as an agenda item in the 3/23/05 meeting etc under CP04-37 et al. + of Congress in support of the Occidental Petroleum proposal to locate a LNG receiving terminal next to its chemical manufacturing facilities near Ingleside, Texas under CP05-11 et al. + Solomon P Ortiz requests that FERC include the Cheniere Corpus Christi LNG Import Terminal and Pipeline as an agenda item in the next meeting on 3/23/05 under CP04-37 et al. + Congress urging FERC to include Cheniere Corpus Christi LNG Import Terminal and Pipeline as an agenda item in the meeting on 3/23/05 under CP04-37 et al.
112	House	(D)	Minority	Owens (D-NY)	Individual	4	NA + NA + NA + NA	Bill Owens correspondence from constituent concerning the price and fees of Suburban propane. + Bill Owens correspondence from constituent concerning the price and fees of Suburban propane. + Bill Owens correspondence from constituent concerning the price and fees of Suburban propane. + Bill Owens correspondence from constituent concerning the price and fees of Suburban propane.
114	Senate	(D)	Minority	Warren (D-MA)	Individual	4	NA + NA + NA + NA	U.S. Elizabeth Warren the of one of her constituents re the West Roxbury Lateral Pipeline Project under CP14-96. + Stephen F. Lynch et al re the Algonquin Incremental Market Project under CP14-96. + Elizabeth Warren on behalf of her constituents in Weymouth, Massachusetts in regards to the Access Northeast Project under PF16-1. + Edwards Markey et al re the Algonquin Incremental Market Project under CP14-96.
115	House	(D)	Minority	Raskin (D-MD)	Individual	4	NA + NA + NA + NA	Jamie Raskin on behalf of his constituent re the Atlantic Coast Pipeline Project under CP15-554. + Jamie Raskin on behalf of his constituent re the Atlantic Coast Pipeline Project under CP15-554. + Jamie Raskin on behalf of his constituent re the Atlantic Coast Pipeline Project under CP15-554. + Jamie Raskin on behalf of his constituent re the Atlantic Coast Pipeline Project under CP15-554.
110	Senate	(R)	Minority	Collins (R-ME)	Business	4	Bangor Water District + Essex Hydro + Essex Hydro + Essex Hydro	Susan M Collins re FERC’s review of the Bangor Water District’s application for small conduit exemption for the Veazie Energy Recovery Project under P-13164. + Susan M Collins on behalf of a constituent re Fort Halifax Dam under P-2552. + Susan M Collins on behalf of a constituent re the Fort Halifax Dam under P-2552. + Susan M Collins on behalf of a constituent re the Fort Halifax Dam under P-2552.
112	Senate	(R)	Minority	Demint (R-SC)	Individual	4	NA + NA + NA + NA	Jim DeMint on behalf of his constituent on the Buzzards Roost Hydro Facility under P-1267. + Jim DeMint on behalf of his constituent re the Buzzards Roost Hydro Facility under P-1267. + Jim DeMint on behalf of a constituent re a registration and use agreement for encroachments on Lake Greenwood under P-1267. + Jim DeMint correspondence on behalf of his constituents regarding the registration and use agreement for the encroachments on Lake Greenwood under P-1267.
110	House	(D)	Majority	Defazio (D-OR)	Business	3	NA + NA + NA	Ron Wyden et al expresses their support for the August 21 request by Eugene Water & Electric Board for all of the relicensing settlement parties that the FERC delay issuance of its Notice of Application REA Notice etc under P-2242. + Ron Wyden et al in support of Eugene Water & Electric Board’s 4/2/08 request for additional time re Notice of Application Ready for Environmental Analysis re Carmen-Smith Hydro Proj-2242. + Ron Wyden et al expresses their support for the August 31 request by Eugene Water & Electric Board that FERC delay the issuance of its Notice of Application from November 2007 until 5/31/08 re the Carmen-Smith Hydro Proj-2242.
110	Senate	(D)	Majority	Wyden (D-OR)	Business	3	NA + NA + NA	Ron Wyden et al expresses their support for the August 21 request by Eugene Water & Electric Board for all of the relicensing settlement parties that the FERC delay issuance of its Notice of Application REA Notice etc under P-2242. + Ron Wyden et al in support of Eugene Water & Electric Board’s 4/2/08 request for additional time re Notice of Application Ready for Environmental Analysis re Carmen-Smith Hydro Proj-2242. + Ron Wyden et al expresses their support for the August 31 request by Eugene Water & Electric Board that FERC delay the issuance of its Notice of Application from November 2007 until 5/31/08 re the Carmen-Smith Hydro Proj-2242.
106	House	(R)	Majority	Smith (R-MI)	Business	3	Hydro Project + NA + PacifiCorp	Gordon H Smith forwards correspondence from his constituents regarding the possibility of obtaining an exemption from FERC for water rights under P-7405. + Gordon H Smith in support of the recent request by the license applicant & Forest Service that FERC withhold issuing a “Ready for Environmental Analysis” notice for the North Umpqua Hydroelectric Project until after 8/00, P-1927. + Gordon H Smith request that FERC provide the requested stay in the relicensing proceeding re PacifiCorp’s North Umpqua Proj-1927.
113	House	(R)	Majority	Cassidy (R-LA)	Business	3	American Midstream Partners + American Midstream Partners, LP

American Midstream Pipeline (Midla). + American Midstream Partners LP (AMP) |Bill Cassidy forwards re the recently filed abandonment application by the American Midstream Partners LP for the American Midstream Pipeline Project under CP14-125. + David Vitter and Bill Cassidy re the American Midstream Pipeline Project under CP14-125. + U.S. Bill Cassidy comment regarding American Midstream Partners LP’s application for abandonment for the American Midstream Pipeline under CP14-125. | | 114|House |(D) |Minority |Tsongas (D-MA) |Individual | 3|NA + NA + NA |Niki Tsongas referencing a request for an Evidentiary Hearing re the Northeast Energy Direct Project under CP16-21. + Niki Tsongas regarding the Northeast Energy Direct Project under PF14-22. + U.S. Niki Tsongas on behalf of constituents and local advocacy groups re the Northeast Energy Direct Project under PF14-22. | | 111|House |(R) |Minority |Herger (R-CA) |Business | 3|NA + NA + Evergreen Shasta Power |House of Represenative, Wally Herger, re the proposed license surrender and decommissioning of the Kilarc-Cow Creek Hydroelectric Project under P-606. + Wally Herger re the Commission’s notice to hold a public meeting for the Kilarc-Cow Project under P-606. + Wally Herger re the Kilarc-Cow Creek Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement under P-606. | | 113|Senate |(R) |Minority |Cochran (R-MS) |Individual | 3|NA + NA + NA |Thad Cochran on behalf of his constituents re Boardwalk Pipeline Partners underground natural gas storage. + Thad Cochran correspondence on behalf of his constituent re the mandatory clearance requirements imposed by FERC. + Thad Cochran re the correspondence that was sent to him by two of his constituents under PF12-21. | | 111|House |(D) |Majority |Welch (D-VT) |Business | 2|NA + NA |Patrick Leahy et al expressing concerns re Baker’s Falls Hydroelectric Project under P-13381. + Senators, Patrick Leahy et al provides correspondence sent to FERC from the National Park Service, Upper Missisquoi and Trout et al re an exemption application for the Baker’s Falls Hydroelectric Proj-13381. | | 111|House |(D) |Majority |Arcuri (D-NY) |Individual | 2|NA + NA |Michael A Arcuri on behalf of a constituent re Seneca Falls Power Corp under P-2438. + Michael A Arcuri concerning the maintenance of water levels of Seneca Lake, one of the Finger Lakes in New York States under P-2438. | | 111|Senate |(D) |Majority |Feinstein (D-CA) |Business | 2|Placer County Water Agency + NA |Dianne Feinstein request immediate action by FERC on an appeal filed by the Placer County Water Agency under P-2079. + Dianne Feinstein re the licensing process for the hydropower dam on the river with the Dept of Interior under P-176. | | 112|Senate |(D) |Majority |Cardin (D-MD) |Business | 2|NA + NA |Benjamin L Cardin re the Cove Point Liquefaction Project in Lusby, MD under PF12-16. + the Benjamin L Cardin regarding the Cove Point Liquefaction Project in Lusby, MD under PF12-16. | | 113|Senate |(D) |Majority |Walsh (D-MT) |Business | 2|NA + GB Energy Park’s |Senators John Walsh and Jon Tester re the Clark Canyon Dam under P-12429. + U.S. John E. Walsh forwards re the GB Energy Park’s licensing application for the Gordon Butte Pumped Storage Hydro Project under P-13642. | | 112|House |(R) |Majority |Benishek (R-MI) |Business | 2|NA + NA |et al re the Trunkline Gas Company, LLC’s request for approval to abandon 770 miles of looped mainline natural gas transmission pipeline under CP12-491. + Tim Walberg et al provides re ther MISO Northeast Transmission Customer’s rehearing request etc under ER10-1791. | | 114|Senate |(R) |Majority |Cornyn (R-TX) |Individual | 2|NA + NA |U.S. John Cornyn on behalf his constituent pertaining to the scoping meeting policies and practices for the LNG Export Terminals under PF15-20 et al. + John Cornyn forwards re scoping meetings for the LNG Export Terminals under PF15-20 et al. | | 106|House |(D) |Minority |Holt (D-NJ) |Business | 2|NA + Transcontinental Pipeline Corporation |Bill Pascrell et al urging FERC to reject any application submitted by Williams Corp to change the construction schedule of the MarketLink natural gas pipeline project in the State of New Jersey etc, CP98-540. + Rush Holts expresses his disappointment with recent approval of the Transcontinental Pipeline Corporation’s Marketlink expansion project that calls for a natural gas pipeline to be run through Central New Jersey under CP98-540. | | 106|House |(D) |Minority |Shows (D-MS) |Individual | 2|NA + NA |Honorable Ronnie Shows reports that he has been contacted by his constituent LV Strickland concerning his property which has been identified for location of a third natural gas line & requests FERC response to his concerns under CP00-59. + (Ronnie Shows) request a response from FERC re the proposed natural gas pipeline project under CP00-59. | | 106|Senate |(D) |Minority |Edwards (D-NC) |Business | 2|Yadkin Inc. + Carolina Power& Light Company |John Edwards request a response from FERC to R Qualkenbush’s re the Yadkin Inc Lake Shore Management Plan, P-2197. + John Edwards request prompt consideration of the merger application filed by CP&L Holdings,Inc and Florida Progress Corporation on February 3,2000 under EC00-55. | | 112|House |(D) |Minority |Clarke (D-MI) |Business | 2|NA + NA |et al re the Trunkline Gas Company, LLC’s request for approval to abandon 770 miles of looped mainline natural gas transmission pipeline under CP12-491. + Tim Walberg et al provides re ther MISO Northeast Transmission Customer’s rehearing request etc under ER10-1791. | | 113|House |(D) |Minority |Mcintyre (D-NC) |Business | 2|NA + NA |Richard Hudson, G. Holding, and M. McIntyre of the re the proposed Atlantic Coast Pipeline Project. under PF15-6. + Richard Hudson, G. Holding, and M. McIntyre Members of the Congress submit on the proposed Atlantic Coast Pipeline Project that will transmit natural gas from WV to North Carolina under PF15-6. | | 114|House |(D) |Minority |Carney (D-DE) |Business | 2|Eastern Shore Natural Gas Company + NA |U.S. Thomas Carper et al submit re the System Reliability Project under CP15-18 et al. + Thomas R. Carper et al re the Artificial Island Transmission Line Project under ER15-2563 et al. | | 114|Senate |(D) |Minority |Carper (D-DE) |Business | 2|Eastern Shore Natural Gas Company + NA |U.S. Thomas Carper et al submit re the System Reliability Project under CP15-18 et al. + Thomas R. Carper et al re the Artificial Island Transmission Line Project under ER15-2563 et al. | | 110|House |(R) |Minority |Heller (R-NV) |Business | 2|Nevada Power Company + Calnev Pipe Line LLC |Harry Reid and members of the Nevada Congressinal Delegation express support for the proposed acquisition by Nevada Power Company under EC08-98. + Shelley Berkley, Jon Porter and Dean Heller provides on behalf of the residents of their districts and throughout southern Nevada in support of the pipeline expansion proposed by Calnev Pipe Line, LLC, OR07-10. | | 111|Senate |(R) |Minority |Demint (R-SC) |Business | 2|Greenwood County, SC + Greenwood County, SC |Jim DeMint on behalf of his constituent about changing the “rule curve” in the license agreement under P-1267. + Jim DeMint on behalf of his constituent about changing the “rule curve” in the license agreement under P-1267. | | 112|Senate |(R) |Minority |Hutchison (R-TX) |Business | 2|FreePort LNG + FreePort LNG |K Hutchinson supports Freeport LNG of Texas application to receive the license and authorization for the export of liquefied natural gas under PF11-2. + Letter from Kay Bailey Hutchison in support of Freeport LNG Liquefaction Project under PF11-2. | | 113|Senate |(R) |Minority |Vitter (R-LA) |Business | 2|Magnolia LNG, LLC + American Midstream Partners, LP American Midstream Pipeline (Midla). |David Vitter re Magnolia LNG, LLC’s application for authorization to site, construct, and operate natural gas liquefaction and export facilities for the Magnolia LNG Project under CP14-347. + David Vitter and Bill Cassidy re the American Midstream Pipeline Project under CP14-125. | | 113|Senate |(D) |Majority |Brown (D-OH) |Individual | 1|NA |Sherrod Brown on behalf of his constituents re PJM Interconnection LLC’s capacity markets under ER13-2140. | | 113|House |(D) |Minority |Esty (D-CT) |Individual | 1|NA |s re the Iroquois & Algonquin Natural Gas Transmission Systems operating in the State of Connecticut under PF13-16 et al. | | 115|Senate |(D) |Minority |Baldwin (D-WI) |Individual | 1|NA |U.S. Tammy Baldwin re the Water Level of the Wolf River under P-8015. |

Looking at letters that are explicitly pro- or anti-business, Democrats write more anti-business letters, whereas, for Republicans, it depends on chamber control. When in the majority, Republicans write more pro-business letters.

d %>% 
  count(party_name, letter_position, majority) %>% 
    filter(party_name != "Independent",
           letter_position != "Other",
         !is.na(letter_position),
         !is.na(majority)) %>% 
  group_by(party_name, majority) %>% 
  mutate(percent = n / sum(n) * 100 ) %>% 
  ggplot() + 
  aes(y = percent, x = "", fill = letter_position) + 
  geom_col(position = "stack") + 
  facet_grid(majority ~ party_name)+ 
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "C", end = .8) + 
  labs(x = "",
       fill = "",
       y = "Percent") + 
  theme_minimal() + 
  theme(panel.grid.major.x  = element_blank())

d %>% filter(party_name != "Independent",
             letter_position != "Other",
             !is.na(letter_position),
             !is.na(majority)) %>% 
  count(party_name, letter_position, majority, congress) %>% 
  ggplot() + 
  aes(y = n, x = factor(congress), fill = letter_position) + 
  geom_col(position = "stack") + 
  facet_grid(majority ~ party_name)+ 
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "C", end = .8) + 
  labs(x = "",
       fill = "",
       y = "n") + 
  theme_minimal() + 
  theme(panel.grid.major.x  = element_blank(),
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45))

---

Coding of constituent type

Our coding of letter type is a mix of hand-coding “Pro-business” and “Constituent” letters, as well as some coding rules applied to letters that were not put in either group by human coders using inductively-developed coding rules.

FERC has an especially high ratio of letters written on behalf of businesses compared to other agencies that mostly receive letters from legislators on behalf of their constituents.

all_percent <- all_contacts %>% 
  filter(Type != "To be coded") %>%  
  mutate(total = n()) %>% 
  group_by(Type, total) %>% summarise(nT = n()) %>% 
  mutate(percent = 100*round(nT/total, 2) ) %>% 
  mutate(agency = "Overall") %>% 
  ungroup()


d_percent <- d %>% 
  filter(Type != "To be coded") %>%  
  mutate(total = n()) %>% 
  group_by(Type, total) %>% summarise(nT = n()) %>% 
  mutate(percent = 100*round(nT/total, 2) ) %>% 
  mutate(agency = "DOE FERC") %>% 
  ungroup()

full_join( all_percent, d_percent)%>% 
  mutate(Type = ifelse(str_detect(Type, "Const"), Type %>% str_replace(" Const", "\nConst"), Type)) %>%
  ggplot() + 
  aes(x = Type, y = percent, fill = agency, color = agency, label = nT) + 
  geom_col(position = "dodge") + 
  geom_text(vjust = -.1,
            aes(hjust = ifelse(agency == "Overall", -.1,1.1))) +
  labs(x = "",
       fill = "",
       color = "",
       y = "Percent", #paste("Number of Contacts, N =", sum(nrow(all_contacts))),
       title = "Legislator Contacts with FERC") +
  theme(panel.background = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks = element_blank(),
        axis.text.x.top = element_text()) + 
  scale_color_viridis_d(option = "C", end = .8) +
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "C", end = .8) + 
    theme_minimal() + 
  theme(panel.grid.major.x  = element_blank())

d  %>% 
  filter(Constituent != "Not coded") %>% 
  ggplot() + 
      theme_minimal() +
  aes(x = letter_position) + 
  geom_bar() + 
  facet_wrap("Constituent") +
  
  labs(x = "",
       y = paste("Letters 2000-2018, N =", as.character(d%>%drop_na(letter_position, Constituent) %>% nrow() %>% as.character() )))

d  %>% 
  ggplot() + 
      theme_minimal() +
  aes(x = letter_position) + 
  geom_bar() + 
  facet_wrap("Constituent") +
  labs(title = "Including letters without constituent coding", 
       x = "",
       y = paste("Letters 2000-2018, N =", as.character(d %>% nrow() %>% as.character() )))

---

Members

Senators vs. state population

d %>% 
  filter(chamber == "Senate") %>% 
    group_by(name_state, year, pop2010) %>% summarise(n = n()) %>%
    group_by(name_state, pop2010) %>% summarise(mean = mean(n)) %>% ungroup() %>% 
    ggplot() + 
    geom_point(aes(x = log(pop2010), y = mean), color = "light blue") + 
  geom_smooth(aes(x = log(pop2010), y = mean)) + 
  geom_text(aes(x = log(pop2010), 
                y = mean, 
                label = ifelse(mean > mean(mean)*1.5 | mean < mean(mean)*0.5, 
                               name_state, "")), 
            check_overlap = TRUE, 
            size = 3.5, 
            hjust = .4) + 
  theme_bw() +
  labs(title = "Senator Requests per to FERC Year by State Population",
       x = "Log State Population",
       y = "Average Requests per Year to FERC")

Chamber = "Senate"

d %>% 
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(chamber == Chamber) %>% 
  group_by(state) %>% summarise(n = n()) %>%
# map_id creates the aesthetic mapping to the state name column
ggplot() + 
  # map points to the fifty_states shape data
  geom_map(aes(map_id = state, fill = n), map = fifty_states) + 
  expand_limits(x = fifty_states$long, y = fifty_states$lat) +
  coord_map() +
  scale_x_continuous(breaks = NULL) + 
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = NULL) +
  labs(x = "", y = "", title = paste("Total Number of Contacts\nfrom Members of the", Chamber)) +
  scale_fill_viridis_c(option = "C", end = .8) +
  theme(legend.position = "bottom", legend.title = element_blank(),
        panel.background = element_blank()) # + facet_grid(. ~ Constituent)

d %>% 
  ungroup() %>% 
  filter(chamber == Chamber) %>% 
  group_by(state, pop2010) %>% summarise(n = n()) %>% ungroup() %>% 
  mutate(Per_Capita = n/pop2010*1000000) %>% 
  # map_id creates the aesthetic mapping to the state name column in your data
  ggplot() + 
  # map points to the fifty_states shape data
  geom_map(aes(map_id = state, fill = Per_Capita), map = fifty_states) + 
  expand_limits(x = fifty_states$long, y = fifty_states$lat) +
  coord_map() +
  scale_x_continuous(breaks = NULL) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = NULL) +
  labs(x = "", y = "", title = paste("Contacts Per Hundred Thousand Residents from Members of the", Chamber)) +
  scale_fill_viridis_c(option = "C", end = .8) +
  theme(legend.position = "bottom", 
        legend.title = element_blank() )#+facet_grid(. ~ Constituent)

# By type2
d %>% 
  filter(chamber == Chamber) %>% 
  filter(Constituent != "Not coded") %>% 
  group_by(state, Constituent) %>% summarise(n = n()) %>%
# map_id creates the aesthetic mapping to the state name column
ggplot() + 
  # map points to the fifty_states shape data
  geom_map(aes(map_id = state, fill = n), map = fifty_states) + 
  expand_limits(x = fifty_states$long, y = fifty_states$lat) +
  coord_map() +
  scale_x_continuous(breaks = NULL) + 
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = NULL) +
  labs(x = "", y = "", title = paste("Total Number of Contacts from members of the", Chamber)) +
  scale_fill_viridis_c(option = "C", end = .8) +
  theme(legend.position = "bottom", legend.title = element_blank(),
        panel.background = element_blank()) + facet_grid(. ~ Constituent)

d %>% 
  filter(chamber == Chamber) %>%
  filter(Constituent != "Not coded") %>% 
  group_by(state, pop2010, Constituent) %>% summarise(n = n()) %>% ungroup() %>% 
  mutate(Per_Capita = n/pop2010*1000000) %>% 
  # map_id creates the aesthetic mapping to the state name column in your data
  ggplot() + 
  # map points to the fifty_states shape data
  geom_map(aes(map_id = state, fill = Per_Capita), map = fifty_states) + 
  expand_limits(x = fifty_states$long, y = fifty_states$lat) +
  coord_map() +
  scale_x_continuous(breaks = NULL) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = NULL) +
  labs(x = "", y = "", title = paste("Contacts Per hundred thousand Residents from Members of the", Chamber)) +
  scale_fill_viridis_c(option = "C", end = .8) +
  theme(legend.position = "bottom", 
        legend.title = element_blank() )+
  facet_grid(. ~ Constituent)

---

Members who contact FERC more than average:

# barcode plot of committee members 


Chamber <- "Senate"
 
# member by year by agency 
d %>% 
  filter(chamber == Chamber) %>% 
  group_by(name_state) %>% mutate(n = n()) %>% ungroup() %>% 
  mutate(percent = percent_rank(n)) %>%
  filter(percent > .80) %>%
  ggplot() +
  geom_point(
    aes(x = DATE, 
        y = reorder(name_state, n) ), 
    # alpha = .6,
    shape = 73,
    size = 4
  ) +  
  labs(title = paste(Chamber),
       y = paste("Member of Congress"), 
       x = "Date of Correspondence" ) +
  theme_minimal()+
  theme(panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.minor.x = element_blank(),
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45))

Chamber <- "House" # "House" #  
 
# member by year by agency 
d %>% 
  filter(chamber == Chamber) %>% 
  group_by(name_state) %>% mutate(n = n()) %>% ungroup() %>% 
    mutate(percent = percent_rank(n)) %>%
  filter(percent > .90) %>%
  #filter(n > mean(n)) %>%
  ggplot() +
  geom_point(
    aes(x = DATE, 
        y = reorder(name_state, n) ), 
    # alpha = .6,
    shape = 73,
    size = 4
  ) +  
  labs(title = paste(Chamber),
       y = paste("Member of Congress"), 
       x = "Date of Correspondence" ) +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.minor.x = element_blank(),
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45))

all_contacts %>%
  filter(congress >109) %>% 
  mutate(FERC = agency == "DOE_FERC") %>%
  count(chamber, FERC, name_state, state) %>%
  spread(key = "FERC", value = "n", 0) %>% 
  mutate(ShareToFERC = round(`TRUE`/(`TRUE`+`FALSE`),2) ) %>% 
  arrange(-ShareToFERC) %>% 
  mutate(total = `TRUE` + `FALSE`) %>% 
  select(name_state, chamber, total, ShareToFERC) %>% 
  filter(ShareToFERC>.3) %>%
  knitr::kable(caption = "Members who contact FERC more, relative to other agencies" )

Members who contact FERC more, relative to other agencies

name_state	chamber	total	ShareToFERC
Lesko (AZ)	House	3	0.67
Mooney (WV)	House	53	0.34

all_contacts %>% 
  filter(congress >109) %>% 
  mutate(FERC = agency == "DOE_FERC") %>%
  count(chamber, congress, FERC, name_state, state) %>%
  spread(key = "FERC", value = "n", 0) %>% 
  mutate(ShareToFERC = round(`TRUE`/(`TRUE`+`FALSE`),2) ) %>% 
  arrange(-ShareToFERC) %>% 
  mutate(total = `TRUE` + `FALSE`) %>% 
  select(name_state, chamber, congress, total, ShareToFERC) %>% 
    filter(total >10) %>% 
  top_n(10) %>%
  knitr::kable(caption = "Members who contact FERC more in a Congress, relative to other agencies")

Members who contact FERC more in a Congress, relative to other agencies

name_state	chamber	congress	total	ShareToFERC
Mooney (WV)	House	115	28	0.54
Wu (OR)	House	110	47	0.32
Olson (TX)	House	115	35	0.26
Murphy (CT)	House	110	35	0.23
Lynch (MA)	House	114	56	0.23
Rush (IL)	House	115	24	0.21
Mckinley (WV)	House	115	41	0.20
Wilson (OH)	House	110	16	0.19
Bridenstine (OK)	House	115	21	0.19
Porter (NV)	House	110	17	0.18

Interesting cases

From Sen. Dianne Feinstein’s website section on accomplishments in the 107th Congress:

"Significant Negotiations:

Just and Reasonable Electricity Rates – With the electricity rates skyrocketing because of market manipulation during the California energy crisis, Senator Feinstein lobbied the President, other members of Congress, and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to cap electricity and natural gas rates. She also introduced S.26, which would have authorized the Department of Energy to impose price caps, S.287, to direct FERC to impose the cost of service-based rates on electricity and S.764 to give FERC the choice of either price caps based on demand or cost of service rates. While the bills did not come up for a vote, Senator Feinstein was finally successful in convincing FERC, after new commissioners were sworn in, to impose price caps on their own."

---

From the West Virginia Gazette:

In an article titled “Republican congressmen’s funding dwarfs challengers’,” the Charleston Gazee-Mail noted how energy companies backed Representative Alex Mooney (R-WV). Indeed, Mooney wrote to FERC more than any other agency, always on behalf of energy projects, mostly pipelines. In 2017, he wrote on behalf of the Dominion Energy Supply Header Project, National Fuel Gas Distribution Corporation’s Northern Access Project, Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company’s Atlantic Sunrise Project, Columbia Gas Transmission’s proposed Eastern Panhandle Expansion project, Columbia’s WB Xpress Project to build new compressor stations, In 2015 he wrote on behalf of the Columbia s Mountaineer XPress Project, Atlantic Coast Pipeline ACP project. The parent companies of these projects spend millions of dollars on lobbying (Lobbyview). The WV Gazette reports funding from Dominion that is not included in Lobbyview totals.

---

Committee Leadership

dcommittees %>%  
  mutate(chair = str_remove(chair,"[0-9]* |^NA "),
         committee = paste(chamber, committee))%>% 
  dplyr::select(committee, position, chair, DATE, assigneddate, terminationdate) %>% 
  distinct() %>% 
  filter(str_detect(committee, "ENERGY$|ENVIRONMENT|NATURAL")) %>% 
  mutate(position = ifelse(position == "Other", NA, position)) %>%
  #filter(# !is.na(position),chair_since_2007 == T) %>%
  drop_na(chair) %>% 
  dplyr::select(DATE, chair, position, assigneddate, terminationdate, committee) %>% 
  distinct() %>% 
  ggplot() +
  geom_point(
    aes(x = DATE, 
        y = chair),
    shape = 73,
    size=2 
  ) +
  geom_segment(aes(y = chair, yend = chair, 
                   x = assigneddate, xend = terminationdate, 
                   linetype = factor(position)),
               position = position_nudge(y = -0.3)) +
  labs(title = paste("Letters to FERC from Committee Leadership"),
       y = "", 
       x = "",
       linetype = "Leadership position") +
  scale_y_discrete(position = "right") +
  theme(
    strip.text.y = element_text(angle = 180, size = 5),
    # legend.title = element_blank(),
    axis.text.y = element_text(size=5),
    axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0)
  ) + 
  facet_grid(committee ~ ., scales = "free_y", space = "free_y", switch = "both") 

Many letters to FERC are cosigned

For each member, we have letter counts by Congress and letter position, as well as contributions by energy and non-energy sector PACs:

#A rough under-estimate based on whether "et al" or "&" appears in the summary:

FERC_letters %>% 
  filter(year>1999,
         year<2019) %>% 
  group_by(ID) %>% 
  top_n(1) %>% 
  mutate(probably_cosigned = ifelse(str_detect(SUBJECT, "et al"), "et al",
                                 ifelse(str_detect(SUBJECT, "&"), "&", " neither"))) %>%
  group_by(year, probably_cosigned) %>% 
  tally %>% 
  ggplot() + 
  aes(x = year, y = n, fill = probably_cosigned) +
  geom_col() +
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "C", end = .8)

Cosigned letters identified by coders

FERC_letters %>% 
  filter(!is.na(Freelancer),
         year>1999,
         year<2019) %>% 
    mutate(Cosigned = ifelse(!is.na(Cosigned_House)|!is.na(Cosigned_Senate),
                                 T, F)) %>%
  select(Cosigned, year, Notes) %>% distinct() %>% 
  count(year, Cosigned) %>% 
  ggplot() + 
  aes(x = year, y = n, fill = Cosigned) +
  geom_col() +
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "C", end = .8)

---

PAC Contributions from the Energy Sector

Using CRP industry codes and contribution data, sum up sector-level contributions by a member per cycle, matching a congress with the cycle when it was elected (e.g., 116th Congress = 2018 cycle). Code to get PAC contributions from CRP data here. PAC contributions per cycle are saved as data/pac_amounts.Rdata.

(For the next paper, we will look at specific company-legislator diads, see company-crosswalk.Rmd)

library(tidyverse)
  
load(here::here("data/pac_amounts.Rdata"))

pac_amounts %<>% 
  # select useful vars 
  select(icpsr, party_name, congress, cycle, industry, amounts) %>% distinct() %>% 
  # fix cycle 
  mutate(cycle = (congress - 107)*2 + 2000)

pac_amounts %<>% filter(cycle>1997)

# drop NA industry
pac_amounts %<>% filter(!is.na(industry)) 

pac_amounts %<>% 
  mutate(PAC_contributions = amounts) 

pac_amounts %>% top_n(10) %>% kable()

icpsr	party_name	congress	cycle	industry	amounts	PAC_contributions
21300	Democratic Party	116	2018	other	5213194	5213194
29735	Republican Party	115	2016	other	7818774	7818774
14503	Republican Party	113	2012	other	7101172	7101172
29735	Republican Party	112	2010	other	6410524	6410524
29386	Republican Party	112	2010	other	5321460	5321460
29512	Republican Party	111	2008	other	8073652	8073652
29936	Republican Party	109	2004	other	4883650	4883650
29548	Republican Party	109	2004	other	5356792	5356792
29305	Democratic Party	109	2004	other	6988191	6988191
14910	Republican Party	109	2004	other	5171008	5171008

pac_amounts %>% filter(industry =="energy") %>% top_n(10, amounts) %>% kable()

icpsr	party_name	congress	cycle	industry	amounts	PAC_contributions
41102	Republican Party	115	2016	energy	451332	451332
29735	Republican Party	115	2016	energy	596800	596800
21166	Republican Party	115	2016	energy	460400	460400
21166	Republican Party	114	2014	energy	449000	449000
21112	Republican Party	114	2014	energy	677900	677900
20703	Republican Party	113	2012	energy	500000	500000
14503	Republican Party	113	2012	energy	630000	630000
29512	Republican Party	111	2008	energy	510000	510000
29548	Republican Party	109	2004	energy	474650	474650
29305	Democratic Party	109	2004	energy	500193	500193

# join in members data from VoteView 
load(here::here("members/members.Rdata"))


# use voteview members file as base to make sure we are not missing anyone who wrote 0 letters
members %<>%  filter(congress >105) %>% filter(chamber %in% c("House", "Senate")) 

pac_amounts %>% count(icpsr, congress, industry) %>% filter(n >1)

## # A tibble: 12 × 4
##    icpsr congress industry     n
##    <int>    <dbl> <fct>    <int>
##  1 14435      113 energy       2
##  2 14435      113 other        2
##  3 20115      111 energy       2
##  4 20115      111 other        2
##  5 20730      112 energy       2
##  6 20730      112 other        2
##  7 20735      111 energy       2
##  8 20735      111 other        2
##  9 29373      109 energy       2
## 10 29373      109 other        2
## 11 29534      110 energy       2
## 12 29534      110 other        2

members %>% count(icpsr, congress) %>% filter(n >1)

## # A tibble: 6 × 3
##   icpsr congress     n
##   <int>    <int> <int>
## 1 14435      113     2
## 2 20115      111     2
## 3 20730      112     2
## 4 20735      111     2
## 5 29373      109     2
## 6 29534      110     2

pac_amounts %<>% left_join(members %>% select(congress, icpsr, bioname, chamber) %>% distinct() )  %>% distinct()

pac_amounts %>% top_n(10, amounts) %>% kable()

icpsr	party_name	congress	cycle	industry	amounts	PAC_contributions	bioname	chamber
21300	Democratic Party	116	2018	other	5213194	5213194	SINEMA, Kyrsten	Senate
29735	Republican Party	115	2016	other	7818774	7818774	BLUNT, Roy	Senate
14503	Republican Party	113	2012	other	7101172	7101172	HATCH, Orrin Grant	Senate
29735	Republican Party	112	2010	other	6410524	6410524	BLUNT, Roy	Senate
29386	Republican Party	112	2010	other	5321460	5321460	PORTMAN, Robert Jones (Rob)	Senate
29512	Republican Party	111	2008	other	8073652	8073652	CHAMBLISS, Saxby	Senate
29936	Republican Party	109	2004	other	4883650	4883650	DeMINT, James W.	Senate
29548	Republican Party	109	2004	other	5356792	5356792	BURR, Richard M.	Senate
29305	Democratic Party	109	2004	other	6988191	6988191	LINCOLN, Blanche Lambert	Senate
14910	Republican Party	109	2004	other	5171008	5171008	SPECTER, Arlen	Senate

pac_amounts %>% filter(industry =="energy") %>%  top_n(10, amounts) %>% kable()

icpsr	party_name	congress	cycle	industry	amounts	PAC_contributions	bioname	chamber
41102	Republican Party	115	2016	energy	451332	451332	RUBIO, Marco	Senate
29735	Republican Party	115	2016	energy	596800	596800	BLUNT, Roy	Senate
21166	Republican Party	115	2016	energy	460400	460400	LANKFORD, James	Senate
21166	Republican Party	114	2014	energy	449000	449000	LANKFORD, James	Senate
21112	Republican Party	114	2014	energy	677900	677900	GARDNER, Cory	Senate
20703	Republican Party	113	2012	energy	500000	500000	MCCARTHY, Kevin	House
14503	Republican Party	113	2012	energy	630000	630000	HATCH, Orrin Grant	Senate
29512	Republican Party	111	2008	energy	510000	510000	CHAMBLISS, Saxby	Senate
29548	Republican Party	109	2004	energy	474650	474650	BURR, Richard M.	Senate
29305	Democratic Party	109	2004	energy	500193	500193	LINCOLN, Blanche Lambert	Senate

# any member-congress observations not in members file (i.e. outside timerange )
pac_amounts %<>%  filter(!is.na(bioname)) %>% distinct()


# inspect coverage 
pac_amounts %<>% mutate(Cycle = cycle)

# total
pac_amounts %>%
    mutate(industry = ifelse(industry == "energy", "Energy Sector PACs", "Non-Energy Sector PACs")) %>% 
  group_by(Cycle, party_name, industry) %>% 
  summarise(total = sum(amounts, na.rm = TRUE)/100000) %>% 
  ungroup() %>% 
  ggplot() + 
  aes(x = factor(Cycle), y = total, fill = party_name) + 
  geom_col() + 
  facet_wrap("industry", scales = "free") +
  labs(y = "Total PAC Contributions\n($100,000)", 
       x = "FEC Electoral Cycle",
       fill = "") + 
    scale_fill_discrete(option="magma", begin =.15, end = .65) + 
  theme_minimal() + 
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45),
        panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.minor.x = element_blank())

# average per member 
pac_amounts %>%
  mutate(industry = ifelse(industry == "energy", "Energy Sector PACs", "Non-Energy Sector PACs")) %>% 
  group_by(Cycle, icpsr, party_name, industry) %>% 
  summarise(total = sum(amounts, na.rm = TRUE)/100000) %>% 
  ungroup() %>% 
  group_by(Cycle, party_name, industry) %>% 
  summarise(mean = mean(total)) %>% 
  ggplot() + 
  aes(x = factor(Cycle), y = mean, fill = party_name) + 
  geom_col(position = "dodge") + 
  facet_wrap("industry", scales = "free") +
  labs(y = "Average PAC Contributions\nper Legislator ($100,000s)", 
       x = "FEC Electoral Cycle",
       fill = "") + 
  scale_fill_discrete(option="magma", begin =.15, end = .65) + 
  theme_minimal() + 
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45),
        panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.minor.x = element_blank())

# problems with duplicate icpsrs? 
# pac_amounts %>% group_by(icpsr, congress,  industry) %>% mutate(n = n() ) %>% filter(n>1)  %>% arrange(icpsr)

# problems with dupliate bioname + party
# pac_amounts %>% group_by(bioname, congress, party_name,  industry) %>% mutate(n = n() ) %>% filter(n>1)  %>% arrange(bioname)

# party switchers 
# pac_amounts %<>% group_by(bioname, congress, chamber, industry) %>% mutate(parties = n() ) 
# 
# # pac_amounts %>% filter(parties>1)  %>% arrange(bioname)
# 
# # drop Independents
# pac_amounts %<>% filter(parties < 2 | party_name!="Independent")
# 
# pac_amounts %<>% group_by(bioname, congress, chamber, industry) %>% mutate(parties = n() ) 
# 
# pac_amounts %>% filter(parties >1)
# 
# pac_amounts %<>% select(-parties)
# pac_amounts %>% filter(party_name=="Independent") %>% arrange(-PAC_contributions, bioname)

load(here("data/pac_contributions.Rdata"))

pac_contributions %>%
  filter(cycle >1996) %>% 
  filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
  group_by(PACID) %>% 
  mutate(PACShort = str_c(unique(PACShort), collapse = "/")) %>% 
  # count(PACShort, sort = T) %>% 
  mutate(cycle = Cycle) %>% 
  group_by(cycle, PACShort) %>% 
  summarise(total = sum(Amount, na.rm = TRUE)/100000) %>%  # 100k
  ungroup() %>% 
    group_by(PACShort) %>% 
  mutate(PACtotal = sum(total, na.rm = TRUE)) %>% 
  ungroup() %>% 
  mutate(PAC = ifelse(PACtotal > quantile(PACtotal, .95), PACShort, "All other PACs")) %>% 
  ggplot() + 
  aes(x = factor(cycle), y = total, fill= PAC) + 
  geom_col() + 
  labs(y = "Energy-sector PAC Contributions \n($100,000s) \n ", 
       x = "FEC Electoral Cycle",
       fill = "Energy-sector PACs in top 2% \n(omitting energy extraction)") + 
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "C", na.value = "grey50") + 
  theme_minimal()+ 
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45),
        panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.minor.x = element_blank())

Count letters by member by year (including zero counts)

# d %>% select(letter_position, congress, icpsr) %>% distinct() %>%  count(letter_position, congress, icpsr, sort= T)

# d %>% count(letter_position, congress)

d$letter_position %<>% replace_na("other") 

# letter counts by position
letter_counts <- d %>% 
  count(letter_position, congress, chamber, icpsr) %>% 
  ungroup() # %>% tally(n)

# letter_counts %>% filter(is.na(letter_position))

# use voteview members file as base to make sure we are not missing anyone who wrote 0 letters
members %<>%  filter(congress >105) %>% filter(chamber %in% c("House", "Senate")) 

# add letters to members file to get zero counts
letters <- members %>% select(congress, icpsr, chamber, cqlabel) %>% distinct() %>% 
  left_join(letter_counts) %>% # introduces NA letter position because not all members are in letter_counts
  mutate(n = replace_na(n,0)) %>% 
  ungroup() %>% 
  # mutate(letter_position = as.factor(letter_position)) %>% 
    complete(letter_position, nesting(congress, icpsr, chamber, cqlabel),
             fill = list(n = 0)) %>% 
  ungroup() %>% 
  filter(!is.na(letter_position)) %>% 
  distinct() 

# letters %>% count(letter_position)

# # should be the same icpsrs
# members %>% select(congress, icpsr) %>% ungroup() %>% top_n(10, icpsr) %>% arrange(-icpsr) %>% kable()
# letters %>% ungroup() %>% top_n(10, icpsr) %>% arrange(-icpsr) %>% kable()

Merge letters with PAC contribution data

# merge with PAC amounts
letters_money <-  letters %>% 
  full_join(pac_amounts %>% ungroup())  %>% distinct()


# letters %>% filter(!icpsr %in% pac_amounts$icpsr)
# members %>% filter(!icpsr %in% pac_amounts$icpsr)
# pac_amounts %>% filter(!icpsr %in% letters$icpsr)

# letters_money %>% count(letter_position)

letters_money %<>% filter(!is.na(bioname))

letters_money %>%  top_n(1, icpsr) %>% arrange(congress, -icpsr) %>% kable()

letter_position	congress	icpsr	chamber	cqlabel	n	party_name	cycle	industry	amounts	PAC_contributions	bioname	Cycle
AntiBusiness	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	energy	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
AntiBusiness	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	other	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
Both	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	energy	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
Both	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	other	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
Other	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	energy	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
Other	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	other	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
ProBusiness	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	energy	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
ProBusiness	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	other	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
AntiBusiness	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	energy	12500	12500	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000
AntiBusiness	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	other	275433	275433	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000
Both	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	energy	12500	12500	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000
Both	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	other	275433	275433	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000
Other	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	energy	12500	12500	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000
Other	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	other	275433	275433	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000
ProBusiness	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	energy	12500	12500	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000
ProBusiness	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	other	275433	275433	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000

# make sure we have all members and no more 
# members %>% select(icpsr, congress, chamber) %>% left_join(letters_money) %>% distinct()

# inspect for 0 counts 
# letters_money %>% count(n, sort = T)

# inspect for correct 0 counts (should be equal across years per industry)
letters_money %>% count(industry, letter_position) %>% kable()

industry	letter_position	n
energy	AntiBusiness	6019
energy	Both	6019
energy	Other	6019
energy	ProBusiness	6019
other	AntiBusiness	6019
other	Both	6019
other	Other	6019
other	ProBusiness	6019

Outliers other than Virgil H. Goode?

letters_money %>%
  filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
  group_by(congress, letter_position, chamber, party_name) %>%
  mutate(n = sum(n)) %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(x = congress, y = n, fill = letter_position) + 
  geom_col(position = "dodge") + 
  facet_grid(party_name ~ chamber)

letters_money %>% arrange(-n) %>% select(n, letter_position, bioname, party_name, congress) %>% distinct() %>% head() %>% kable()

n	letter_position	bioname	party_name	congress
51	Other	JOHN, Christopher	Democratic Party	107
45	Other	JOHN, Christopher	Democratic Party	108
24	AntiBusiness	GRAHAM, Lindsey O.	Republican Party	107
22	AntiBusiness	GRAHAM, Daniel Robert (Bob)	Democratic Party	107
19	Other	BARTON, Joe Linus	Republican Party	107
17	AntiBusiness	LUGAR, Richard Green	Republican Party	110

# without Goode at all
letters_money %>%
  filter(bioname != "GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.", industry == "energy") %>% 
    group_by(congress, letter_position, chamber, party_name) %>%
  mutate(n = sum(n)) %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(x = congress, y = n, fill = letter_position) + 
  geom_col(position = "dodge") + 
  facet_grid(party_name ~ chamber)

# compare to memebers data counts #FIXME we are losing a few obs
# members %>% ungroup() %>% count(congress) 

# members that are not in the pac data 
# members %>% anti_join(letters_money) 

Overall top ten PAC recipients.

Fred Upton (R-Mich.) was chair of the House Energy and Commerce Committee 2011-2017.

U.S. Senator Mary L. Landrieu was Chair of the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 2014-2015.

Count pro-business and pro-project letters:

# pull out counts for models 
letters_money %<>%
  mutate(ProBusiness_Letters = ifelse(letter_position == "ProBusiness", n, NA)) %>%
  mutate(AntiBusiness_Letters = ifelse(letter_position == "AntiBusiness", n, NA))

# total 2000-2018
letters_money %<>% 
  # FIXME should be no NA PAC_contributions
  # FIXME make sure we are only counting congresses in which members served 
  ungroup() %>% 
  group_by(icpsr, industry) %>% 
  mutate(ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle = mean(ProBusiness_Letters, na.rm = TRUE),
         AntiBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle = mean(AntiBusiness_Letters, na.rm = TRUE),
         PAC_contributions_total = sum(PAC_contributions, na.rm = TRUE)) %>% 
  ungroup()

letters_money %>% 
  filter(industry == "other") %>% 
  select(ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle, PAC_contributions_total, bioname) %>% distinct( )%>% 
  top_n(10, PAC_contributions_total) %>% arrange(-PAC_contributions_total) %>% 
  knitr::kable(caption = "Members receiving the most Non-Energy Sector PAC Money")

Members receiving the most Non-Energy Sector PAC Money

ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle	PAC_contributions_total	bioname
0.2727273	97864680	BLUNT, Roy
0.0000000	77595236	HOYER, Steny Hamilton
0.9000000	74565228	HATCH, Orrin Grant
0.4545455	66437636	BROWN, Sherrod
0.1428571	61279084	MENENDEZ, Robert
0.0000000	60513444	MCCARTHY, Kevin
0.1250000	60491432	CHAMBLISS, Saxby
0.6363636	57654812	BURR, Richard M.
0.3636364	56046120	PALLONE, Frank, Jr.
0.1111111	55751448	BOEHNER, John Andrew

letters_money %>% 
  filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
  select(ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle, PAC_contributions_total, bioname) %>% distinct( )%>% 
  top_n(10, PAC_contributions_total) %>% arrange(-PAC_contributions_total) %>% 
  knitr::kable(caption = "Members receiving the most Energy Sector PAC Money")

Members receiving the most Energy Sector PAC Money

ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle	PAC_contributions_total	bioname
0.6000000	9541336	BARTON, Joe Linus
0.3636364	8190200	UPTON, Frederick Stephen
0.3636364	7495200	SHIMKUS, John M.
0.2727273	7062132	BLUNT, Roy
0.0000000	6743640	HOYER, Steny Hamilton
0.0000000	6552200	MCCARTHY, Kevin
0.5454545	5974180	WALDEN, Greg
0.1818182	5951936	BRADY, Kevin Patrick
0.3750000	5388260	DINGELL, John David, Jr.
0.6363636	5379680	BURR, Richard M.

Top 10 Recipients in a cycle

letters_money %>% 
  filter(industry == "other", !is.na(ProBusiness_Letters)) %>% 
  select(industry, ProBusiness_Letters, PAC_contributions, cycle, bioname) %>% distinct( )%>% 
  top_n(10, PAC_contributions) %>% arrange(-PAC_contributions) %>% 
  knitr::kable(caption = "Members receiving the most Non-Energy Sector PAC Money")

Members receiving the most Non-Energy Sector PAC Money

industry	ProBusiness_Letters	PAC_contributions	cycle	bioname
other	0	8073652	2008	CHAMBLISS, Saxby
other	1	7818774	2016	BLUNT, Roy
other	0	7101172	2012	HATCH, Orrin Grant
other	0	6988191	2004	LINCOLN, Blanche Lambert
other	1	6410524	2010	BLUNT, Roy
other	0	5356792	2004	BURR, Richard M.
other	0	5321460	2010	PORTMAN, Robert Jones (Rob)
other	0	5213194	2018	SINEMA, Kyrsten
other	0	5171008	2004	SPECTER, Arlen
other	0	4883650	2004	DeMINT, James W.

letters_money %>% 
  filter(industry == "energy", !is.na(ProBusiness_Letters)) %>% 
  select(industry, ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle, PAC_contributions, cycle, bioname) %>% distinct( )%>% 
  top_n(10, PAC_contributions) %>% arrange(-PAC_contributions) %>% 
  knitr::kable(caption = "Members receiving the most Energy Sector PAC Money")

Members receiving the most Energy Sector PAC Money

industry	ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle	PAC_contributions	cycle	bioname
energy	1.0000000	677900	2014	GARDNER, Cory
energy	0.9000000	630000	2012	HATCH, Orrin Grant
energy	0.2727273	596800	2016	BLUNT, Roy
energy	0.1250000	510000	2008	CHAMBLISS, Saxby
energy	0.3333333	500193	2004	LINCOLN, Blanche Lambert
energy	0.0000000	500000	2012	MCCARTHY, Kevin
energy	0.6363636	474650	2004	BURR, Richard M.
energy	1.2000000	460400	2016	LANKFORD, James
energy	0.2000000	451332	2016	RUBIO, Marco
energy	1.2000000	449000	2014	LANKFORD, James

# in 2018
letters_money %>% 
  filter(industry == "energy", cycle == 2018) %>% 
  select(industry, ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle, PAC_contributions, cycle, bioname) %>% distinct( )%>% 
  top_n(10, PAC_contributions) %>% 
  arrange(-PAC_contributions) %>% 
  knitr::kable(caption = "Members receiving the most Energy Sector PAC Money")

Members receiving the most Energy Sector PAC Money

industry	ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle	PAC_contributions	cycle	bioname
energy	0.5454545	401400	2018	WALDEN, Greg
energy	0.1818182	381234	2018	BRADY, Kevin Patrick
energy	1.0000000	352000	2018	BARRASSO, John A.
energy	0.0000000	336400	2018	BLACKBURN, Marsha
energy	0.0000000	330500	2018	MCCARTHY, Kevin
energy	0.3636364	315500	2018	SHIMKUS, John M.
energy	0.2500000	286400	2018	CRUZ, Rafael Edward (Ted)
energy	0.3333333	261200	2018	HEINRICH, Martin
energy	0.0000000	257400	2018	CRAMER, Kevin
energy	0.4000000	252500	2018	KELLY, Mike

# in hoyer
letters_money %>% 
  filter(industry == "energy", cycle == 2018) %>% 
  select(industry, ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle, PAC_contributions, cycle, bioname) %>% distinct( )%>% 
  top_n(10, PAC_contributions) %>% 
  arrange(-PAC_contributions) %>% 
  knitr::kable(caption = "Members receiving the most Energy Sector PAC Money")

Members receiving the most Energy Sector PAC Money

industry	ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle	PAC_contributions	cycle	bioname
energy	0.5454545	401400	2018	WALDEN, Greg
energy	0.1818182	381234	2018	BRADY, Kevin Patrick
energy	1.0000000	352000	2018	BARRASSO, John A.
energy	0.0000000	336400	2018	BLACKBURN, Marsha
energy	0.0000000	330500	2018	MCCARTHY, Kevin
energy	0.3636364	315500	2018	SHIMKUS, John M.
energy	0.2500000	286400	2018	CRUZ, Rafael Edward (Ted)
energy	0.3333333	261200	2018	HEINRICH, Martin
energy	0.0000000	257400	2018	CRAMER, Kevin
energy	0.4000000	252500	2018	KELLY, Mike

Count non-constituent letters:

# letter counts by position
constituent_counts <- d %>% 
  mutate(constituent_position = Constituent) %>% 
  count(constituent_position, congress, chamber, icpsr) %>% 
  ungroup() # %>% tally(n)

# constituent_counts %>% filter(is.na(constituent_position))

# use voteview members file as base to make sure we are not missing anyone who wrote 0 letters
members %<>%  filter(congress >105) %>% filter(chamber %in% c("House", "Senate")) 

# add letters to members file to get zero counts
constituents <- members %>% select(congress, icpsr, chamber, cqlabel) %>% distinct() %>% 
  left_join(constituent_counts) %>% # introduces NA constituent position because not all members are in constituent_counts
  mutate(n = replace_na(n,0)) %>% 
  ungroup() %>% 
  # mutate(constituent_position = as.factor(constituent_position)) %>% 
    complete(constituent_position, nesting(congress, icpsr, chamber, cqlabel),
             fill = list(n = 0)) %>% 
  ungroup() %>% 
  filter(!is.na(constituent_position)) %>% 
  distinct() 

# constituents %>% count(constituent_position)

# # should be the same icpsrs
# members %>% select(congress, icpsr) %>% ungroup() %>% top_n(10, icpsr) %>% arrange(-icpsr) %>% kable()
# constituents %>% ungroup() %>% top_n(10, icpsr) %>% arrange(-icpsr) %>% kable()

# merge with PAC amounts
constituents_money <-  constituents %>% 
  full_join(pac_amounts %>% ungroup())  %>% distinct()

# constituents %>% filter(!icpsr %in% pac_amounts$icpsr)
# members %>% filter(!icpsr %in% pac_amounts$icpsr)
# pac_amounts %>% filter(!icpsr %in% constituents$icpsr)

# constituents_money %>% count(constituent_position)

constituents_money %<>% filter(!is.na(bioname))

constituents_money %>%  top_n(1, icpsr) %>% arrange(congress, -icpsr) %>% kable()

constituent_position	congress	icpsr	chamber	cqlabel	n	party_name	cycle	industry	amounts	PAC_contributions	bioname	Cycle
Indiv. Constituent	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	energy	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
Indiv. Constituent	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	other	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
Non_constituent	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	energy	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
Non_constituent	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	other	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
Not coded	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	energy	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
Not coded	106	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	1998	other	0	0	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	1998
Indiv. Constituent	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	energy	12500	12500	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000
Indiv. Constituent	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	other	275433	275433	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000
Non_constituent	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	energy	12500	12500	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000
Non_constituent	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	other	275433	275433	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000
Not coded	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	energy	12500	12500	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000
Not coded	107	99767	House	(VA-05)	0	Independent	2000	other	275433	275433	GOODE, Virgil H., Jr.	2000

# make sure we have all members and no more 
# members %>% select(icpsr, congress, chamber) %>% left_join(constituents_money) %>% distinct()

# inspect for 0 counts 
# constituents_money %>% count(n, sort = T)

constituents_money %<>%
  mutate(Non_Constituent_Letters = ifelse(constituent_position == "Non_constituent", n, NA), #FIXME 
         Constituent_Letters = ifelse(constituent_position == "Indiv. Constituent", n, NA))
# inspect for correct 0 counts (should be equal across years per industry)
constituents_money %>% count(industry, constituent_position) %>% kable()

industry	constituent_position	n
energy	Indiv. Constituent	6019
energy	Non_constituent	6019
energy	Not coded	6019
other	Indiv. Constituent	6019
other	Non_constituent	6019
other	Not coded	6019

Pro-business letters per cycle

letters_money %<>% mutate(name_state = str_c(str_remove(bioname, " .*"), cqlabel))

top1 <- top_n(letters_money %>% ungroup(), 50, PAC_contributions) %>%
  .$name_state %>% unique()

top2 <- top_n(letters_money, 50, ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle) %>% 
  .$name_state %>% unique()

letters_money %>% 
  mutate(name_state = as.character(name_state)) %>%
  ggplot() + 
  aes(x = PAC_contributions, 
      y = ProBusiness_Letters) + 
  geom_point(alpha = .2) + 
  geom_text(aes(label = ifelse(name_state %in% top2,
                               name_state, NA)), 
            check_overlap = TRUE, 
            hjust = 0, 
            color = "blue") + 
  labs(x = "PAC Contributions in a cycle",
       y = "Pro-Business Letters sent to FERC in single Cycle") + 
  facet_wrap("industry", scales= "free")

letters_money %>% 
  mutate(name_state = as.character(name_state)) %>%
  ggplot() + 
  coord_flip() + 
  aes(x = PAC_contributions, 
      y = ProBusiness_Letters) + 
  geom_point(alpha = .2) + 
  geom_text(aes(label = ifelse(name_state %in% top1, name_state, NA)), 
            check_overlap = TRUE, 
            hjust = 0, 
            color = "blue") + 
  labs(x = "PAC Contributions in a cycle",
       y = "Pro-Business Letters sent to FERC in a cycle") + 
  facet_wrap("industry", scales= "free")

Top 10 Recipients in a cycle

letters_money %>% 
  filter(industry == "other", !is.na(ProBusiness_Letters)) %>% 
  select(industry, ProBusiness_Letters, PAC_contributions, cycle, bioname) %>% distinct( )%>% 
  top_n(10, PAC_contributions) %>% 
  knitr::kable(caption = "Members receiving the most Non-Energy Sector PAC Money")

Members receiving the most Non-Energy Sector PAC Money

industry	ProBusiness_Letters	PAC_contributions	cycle	bioname
other	0	5171008	2004	SPECTER, Arlen
other	0	6988191	2004	LINCOLN, Blanche Lambert
other	0	5356792	2004	BURR, Richard M.
other	0	4883650	2004	DeMINT, James W.
other	0	8073652	2008	CHAMBLISS, Saxby
other	0	5321460	2010	PORTMAN, Robert Jones (Rob)
other	1	6410524	2010	BLUNT, Roy
other	0	7101172	2012	HATCH, Orrin Grant
other	1	7818774	2016	BLUNT, Roy
other	0	5213194	2018	SINEMA, Kyrsten

letters_money %>% 
  filter(industry == "energy", !is.na(ProBusiness_Letters)) %>% 
  select(industry, ProBusiness_Letters, PAC_contributions, cycle, bioname) %>% distinct( )%>% 
  top_n(10, PAC_contributions) %>% 
  knitr::kable(caption = "Members receiving the most Energy Sector PAC Money")

Members receiving the most Energy Sector PAC Money

industry	ProBusiness_Letters	PAC_contributions	cycle	bioname
energy	0	500193	2004	LINCOLN, Blanche Lambert
energy	0	474650	2004	BURR, Richard M.
energy	0	510000	2008	CHAMBLISS, Saxby
energy	0	630000	2012	HATCH, Orrin Grant
energy	0	500000	2012	MCCARTHY, Kevin
energy	2	677900	2014	GARDNER, Cory
energy	2	449000	2014	LANKFORD, James
energy	4	460400	2016	LANKFORD, James
energy	1	596800	2016	BLUNT, Roy
energy	0	451332	2016	RUBIO, Marco

# in 2018
letters_money %>% 
  filter(industry == "energy", cycle == 2018) %>% 
  select(industry, ProBusiness_Letters, PAC_contributions, cycle, bioname) %>% distinct( )%>% 
  top_n(10, PAC_contributions) %>% 
  arrange(-PAC_contributions) %>% 
  knitr::kable(caption = "Members receiving the most Energy Sector PAC Money in 2018")

Members receiving the most Energy Sector PAC Money in 2018

industry	ProBusiness_Letters	PAC_contributions	cycle	bioname
energy	NA	401400	2018	WALDEN, Greg
energy	0	401400	2018	WALDEN, Greg
energy	NA	381234	2018	BRADY, Kevin Patrick
energy	0	381234	2018	BRADY, Kevin Patrick
energy	NA	352000	2018	BARRASSO, John A.
energy	0	352000	2018	BARRASSO, John A.
energy	NA	336400	2018	BLACKBURN, Marsha
energy	0	336400	2018	BLACKBURN, Marsha
energy	NA	330500	2018	MCCARTHY, Kevin
energy	0	330500	2018	MCCARTHY, Kevin

Average Pro-business letters per cycle

letters_money %>% 
  mutate(name_state = as.character(name_state)) %>%
  ggplot() + 
  aes(x = PAC_contributions, 
      y = ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle) + 
  geom_point(alpha = .5) + 
  geom_text(aes(label = ifelse(name_state %in% top2,
                               name_state, NA)), 
            check_overlap = TRUE, 
            hjust = 0, 
            color = "blue") + 
  labs(x = "PAC Contributions in a cycle",
       y = "Average Pro-Business Letters sent to FERC per Cycle") + 
  facet_wrap("industry", scales= "free")

letters_money %>% 
  mutate(name_state = as.character(name_state)) %>%
  ggplot() + 
  coord_flip() + 
  aes(x = PAC_contributions, 
      y = ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle) + 
  geom_point(alpha = .5) + 
  geom_text(aes(label = ifelse(name_state %in% top1, name_state, NA)), 
            check_overlap = TRUE, 
            hjust = 0, 
            color = "blue") + 
  labs(x = "PAC Contributions in a cycle",
       y = "Average Pro-Business Letters sent to FERC per Cycle") + 
  facet_wrap("industry", scales= "free")

Save data as data/letters_money.Rdata

# note these data are stacked by letter position and industry 
letters_money %>% count(letter_position, industry) %>% kable()

save(letters_money, file = here("data/letters_money.Rdata"))

Models

load(here("data", "letters_money.Rdata"))

letters_money %>% group_by(congress) %>% summarise(n = sum(n))

## # A tibble: 11 × 2
##    congress     n
##       <dbl> <dbl>
##  1      106   684
##  2      107  3248
##  3      108  2088
##  4      109  1802
##  5      110  1174
##  6      111   610
##  7      112   624
##  8      113   610
##  9      114  1016
## 10      115  1368
## 11      116     0

# add party control 
letters_money %<>%  
  left_join(partycontrol) %>%
  mutate(majority = ifelse(party_name == party_control,
                           "Majority",
                           "Minority"),
         copartisan = ifelse(party_name == party_president, 
                             "Copartisan President", 
                             "Non-copartisan President"),
              party_copartisan = paste(party_name %>% str_remove(" Party"), copartisan, sep = "\n"),
              majority_copartisan = paste(majority, copartisan, sep = "\n"))



constituents_money %<>%  
  left_join(partycontrol) %>%
  mutate(majority = ifelse(party_name == party_control,
                           "Majority",
                           "Minority"),
         copartisan = ifelse(party_name == party_president, 
                             "Copartisan President", 
                             "Non-copartisan President"),
              party_copartisan = paste(party_name %>% str_remove(" Party"), copartisan, sep = "\n"),
              majority_copartisan = paste(majority, copartisan, sep = "\n"))



letters_money %<>% filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% ungroup()
constituents_money %<>% filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% ungroup()

library(broom)
library(tidyverse)
mplot <- function(m){m %>%
  tidy(conf.int = TRUE) %>%
    filter(term!="(Intercept)") %>%
    mutate(term = term %>% str_remove("party_name") %>% 
             str_replace_all("_", " ") %>% 
             str_replace("PAC.100k", "Campaign Contributions")) %>%
ggplot() + 
  aes(x = term,
      y = estimate, 
      ymin = conf.low, 
      ymax = conf.high)+ 
    geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype =2) + 
  geom_pointrange() + coord_flip() }

letters_money %<>% 
  group_by(icpsr, congress, industry) %>% 
  mutate(Log_PAC_contributions = log(PAC_contributions+1),
         PAC_100k = PAC_contributions/100000,
         total_letters = sum(n) ) %>% 
  ungroup()

pplot <- function(m){
  m %>% 
  augment(type.predict = "response", 
          se_fit = T, 
          interval = "confidence") %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(x = PAC_100k, y = .fitted, 
      color = party_name, fill = party_name,
      ymax = .fitted + (1.96*.se.fit),
      ymin = .fitted - (1.96*.se.fit) ) +
    geom_ribbon(alpha = .4, color = NA)+
  geom_point(alpha = .5) + 
  labs(x = "Energy PAC Contributions\n($100,000s)",
       y = "Predicrted Letters to FERC",
       color = "",
       fill = "") + 
  #scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0,1)) +
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6) + 
  scale_color_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6)
}

pplot2 <- function(m){
  m %>% 
  augment(type.predict = "response", 
          se_fit = T, 
          interval = "confidence") %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(x = PAC_100k, y = .fitted, 
      ymax = .fitted + (1.96*.se.fit),
      ymin = .fitted - (1.96*.se.fit) ) +
    geom_ribbon(alpha = .4, color = NA)+
  geom_point(alpha = .5) + 
  labs(x = "Campaign Funding\n($100,000s of Energy-sector PAC Contributions)",
       y = "Predicrted Letters to FERC",
       color = "",
       fill = "") + 
  #scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0,1)) +
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6) + 
  scale_color_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6) + 
    facet_grid(. ~ party_name)
}

pplot_pac <- function(m){
  m %>% 
  augment(type.predict = "response", 
          se_fit = T, 
          interval = "confidence") %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(x = PAC_100k, y = .fitted,
      ymax = .fitted + (1.96*.se.fit),
      ymin = .fitted - (1.96*.se.fit) ) +
    geom_ribbon(alpha = .4, color = NA)+
  geom_point(alpha = .5) + 
  labs(x = "Energy PAC Contributions\n($100,000s)",
       y = "Predicted Letters to FERC",
       color = "",
       fill = "") + 
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6) + 
  scale_color_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6)
}

pplot_party <- function(m){
  m %>% 
  augment(type.predict = "response", 
          se_fit = T, 
          interval = "confidence") %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(x = party_name, y = .fitted, 
      color = party_name, fill = party_name,
      ymax = .fitted + (1.96*.se.fit),
      ymin = .fitted - (1.96*.se.fit) ) +
    geom_ribbon(alpha = .4, color = NA)+
  geom_point(alpha = .5) + 
  labs(x = "",
       y = "Predicted Letters to FERC",
       color = "",
       fill = "") + 
  #scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0,1)) +
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6) + 
  scale_color_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6)
}


# table 
newdata <- expand(letters_money,
                   party_name,
                   PAC_100k = seq(0,5, by = 1))

ratio <- . %>% augment(type.predict = "response", newdata = newdata) %>%
  group_by(party_name) %>% 
  mutate(ratio = .fitted/min(.fitted)) %>% kable()



# log scatter plots 
letters_money %>% 
  ggplot()  + 
  aes(x = log(PAC_contributions + 1), y = total_letters) +
  geom_jitter() +
  geom_smooth() + 
  facet_wrap("party_name" )

letters_money %>% 
  ggplot()  + 
  aes(x = log(PAC_contributions + 1), y = ProBusiness_Letters) +
  geom_jitter() +
  geom_smooth() + 
  facet_wrap("party_name" )

letters_money %>% 
  ggplot()  + 
  aes(x = log(PAC_contributions + 1), y = AntiBusiness_Letters) +
  geom_jitter() +
  geom_smooth() + 
  facet_wrap("party_name" )

# look <- letters_money %>% filter(PAC_100k > 2, industry == "energy", party_name == "Democratic Party")

Energy Sector-level Models (Arnold book chapter models)

All Letters per cycle ~ Energy Sector PAC contributions per cycle 1998-2014

mAll <- glm(total_letters ~ PAC_100k, 
            data = letters_money %>% filter(industry == "energy") %>% select(icpsr,party_name, chamber,congress, PAC_100k, total_letters) %>% distinct(), 
         family = poisson)  
# tidy(mAll)
mAll %>% mplot()+
  labs(x="", y="Total additional letters per congress per hundred thousand dollars")

ratio(mAll)

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	ratio
Democratic Party	0	1.016535	1.000000
Democratic Party	1	1.246589	1.226313
Democratic Party	2	1.528708	1.503843
Democratic Party	3	1.874674	1.844181
Democratic Party	4	2.298937	2.261543
Democratic Party	5	2.819215	2.773359
Republican Party	0	1.016535	1.000000
Republican Party	1	1.246589	1.226313
Republican Party	2	1.528708	1.503843
Republican Party	3	1.874674	1.844181
Republican Party	4	2.298937	2.261543
Republican Party	5	2.819215	2.773359

Constituent and Non-Constituent Letters

constituents_money %<>% mutate(PAC_100k = PAC_contributions/100000)

constituents_money %>%
                         filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                         select(icpsr, congress, party_name,chamber,PAC_100k, Non_Constituent_Letters)%>% 
                         distinct()%>% arrange(icpsr)

## # A tibble: 11,994 × 6
##    icpsr congress party_name       chamber PAC_100k Non_Constituent_Letters
##    <dbl>    <dbl> <chr>            <chr>      <dbl>                   <dbl>
##  1  1366      106 Democratic Party Senate     0.01                       NA
##  2  1366      107 Democratic Party Senate     0.345                      NA
##  3  1366      108 Democratic Party Senate     0                          NA
##  4  1366      109 Democratic Party Senate     0                          NA
##  5  1366      110 Democratic Party Senate     0.579                      NA
##  6  1366      111 Democratic Party Senate     0                          NA
##  7  1366      106 Democratic Party Senate     0.01                        4
##  8  1366      107 Democratic Party Senate     0.345                       1
##  9  1366      108 Democratic Party Senate     0                           5
## 10  1366      109 Democratic Party Senate     0                           0
## # … with 11,984 more rows

# constituent letters
mConstituent <-glm(Constituent_Letters ~ PAC_100k, 
                       data = constituents_money %>%
                         filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                     #mutate(PAC_100k = log(PAC_contributions + 1)) %>% #FIXME
                         select(icpsr, congress,party_name,chamber, Constituent_Letters, PAC_100k)%>% 
                         distinct(),
         family = poisson) 

# tidy(mConstituent)
mConstituent %>% mplot()+
  labs(x="", y="Additional constituent letters per congress per hundred thousand dollars")

mConstituentLog <- glm(Constituent_Letters ~ Log_PAC_contributions, 
                          data = constituents_money %>% 
                            filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                            select(icpsr, congress, party_name,chamber,PAC_contributions, Constituent_Letters)%>%
                            distinct() %>% 
                            filter(!is.na(PAC_contributions)) %>% #FIXME is this ever NA?
                            mutate(Log_PAC_contributions = log(PAC_contributions+1)),
         family = poisson)  
# tidy(mNonConstituent)
mConstituentLog %>% mplot()+
  labs(x="", y="Additional constituent letters per congress per logged hundred thousand dollars")

#######

# # constituent letters
# mConstituent_copartisan <-glm(Constituent_Letters ~ party_name,majority, copartisan, 
#                        data = constituents_money %>%
#                          filter(industry == "energy",
#                                 party_name != "Independent") %>% 
#                      distinct(icpsr, party_name, majority, copartisan, Constituent_Letters, congress),
#          family = poisson) 

constituents_money %>% group_by(congress) %>% summarise(n = sum(Constituent_Letters, na.rm = T))

## # A tibble: 11 × 2
##    congress     n
##       <dbl> <dbl>
##  1      106   160
##  2      107   690
##  3      108   410
##  4      109   522
##  5      110   464
##  6      111   280
##  7      112   164
##  8      113   102
##  9      114   188
## 10      115   108
## 11      116     0

# NON-constituent letters 
mNonConstituent <-glm(Non_Constituent_Letters ~ PAC_100k, 
                       data = constituents_money %>%
                         filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                         select(icpsr, congress,party_name, chamber,PAC_100k, Non_Constituent_Letters)%>% 
                         distinct(),
         family = poisson) 

# tidy(mNonConstituent)
mNonConstituent %>% mplot()+
  labs(x="", y="Additional non-constituent letters per congress per hundred thousand dollars")

mNonConstituentLog <- glm(Non_Constituent_Letters ~ Log_PAC_contributions, 
                          data = constituents_money %>% 
                            filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                            select(icpsr, congress, party_name,chamber,PAC_contributions, Non_Constituent_Letters)%>%
                            distinct() %>% 
                            filter(!is.na(PAC_contributions)) %>% #FIXME is this ever NA?
                            mutate(Log_PAC_contributions = log(PAC_contributions+1)),
         family = poisson)  
# tidy(mNonConstituent)
mNonConstituentLog %>% mplot()+
  labs(x="", y="Additional non-constituent letters per congress per logged hundred thousand dollars")

Pro-Business Letters per cycle ~ Energy Sector PAC contributions per cycle 1998-2018

mPro <- glm(ProBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_100k,
            data = letters_money %>% 
              filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
              select(icpsr, congress, party_name,PAC_100k, chamber,ProBusiness_Letters) %>% 
              distinct(),
            family = poisson)  

mPro %>% mplot()+
  labs(x="", y="Additional pro-business letters per congress per hundred thousand dollars")

mPro %>% ratio()

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	ratio
Democratic Party	0	0.2250146	1.000000
Democratic Party	1	0.3105348	1.380065
Democratic Party	2	0.4285582	1.904580
Democratic Party	3	0.5914383	2.628444
Democratic Party	4	0.8162233	3.627424
Democratic Party	5	1.1264413	5.006081
Republican Party	0	0.2250146	1.000000
Republican Party	1	0.3105348	1.380065
Republican Party	2	0.4285582	1.904580
Republican Party	3	0.5914383	2.628444
Republican Party	4	0.8162233	3.627424
Republican Party	5	1.1264413	5.006081

mProLog <- glm(ProBusiness_Letters ~ Log_PAC_contributions, 
              data = letters_money %>% 
              filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
              select(icpsr, congress,party_name, chamber,Log_PAC_contributions, ProBusiness_Letters) %>% 
              distinct(),
            family = poisson) 

mProLog %>% mplot()+
  labs(x="", y="Additional  pro-business letters per congress")

Pro-business letters by party

mProParty <- glm(ProBusiness_Letters ~ party_name,
                 data = letters_money %>% 
                   filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                   filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                   select(icpsr, congress, party_name, chamber,ProBusiness_Letters, PAC_100k) %>% 
              distinct(),
            family = poisson) 

# tidy(mProParty)
mplot(mProParty) +
  labs(x="", y="Additional pro-business letters per congress")

ratio(mProParty)

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	ratio
Democratic Party	0	0.2119454	1
Democratic Party	1	0.2119454	1
Democratic Party	2	0.2119454	1
Democratic Party	3	0.2119454	1
Democratic Party	4	0.2119454	1
Democratic Party	5	0.2119454	1
Republican Party	0	0.2999674	1
Republican Party	1	0.2999674	1
Republican Party	2	0.2999674	1
Republican Party	3	0.2999674	1
Republican Party	4	0.2999674	1
Republican Party	5	0.2999674	1

# FIXME MOVE UP
letters_money %<>% mutate(Majority = majority == "Majority",
                          Majority = as.numeric(Majority))

mProPartyx <- glm(ProBusiness_Letters ~ party_name*Majority,
                 data = letters_money %>% 
                   filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                   filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                   select(icpsr, congress, party_name, Majority, chamber,ProBusiness_Letters, PAC_100k) %>% 
              distinct(),
            family = poisson) 

# tidy(mProParty)
mplot(mProPartyx) +
  labs(x="", y="Additional pro-business letters per congress")

Republicans send an additional 0.3 letters per Congress, on average.

Pro-business letters ~ Party + PAC

# PAC + party:
mPro_pac_party <- glm(ProBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_100k + party_name,
                      data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, chamber,party_name, ProBusiness_Letters) %>% 
              distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mPro_pac_party)

mplot(mPro_pac_party)+
  labs(x="", y="Additional pro-business letters per congress")

ratio(mPro_pac_party)

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	ratio
Democratic Party	0	0.1982883	1.000000
Democratic Party	1	0.2627949	1.325317
Democratic Party	2	0.3482865	1.756465
Democratic Party	3	0.4615901	2.327873
Democratic Party	4	0.6117532	3.085170
Democratic Party	5	0.8107669	4.088828
Republican Party	0	0.2566010	1.000000
Republican Party	1	0.3400777	1.325317
Republican Party	2	0.4507108	1.756465
Republican Party	3	0.5973347	2.327873
Republican Party	4	0.7916578	3.085170
Republican Party	5	1.0491976	4.088828

# PAC*party interaction:
mPro_pacXparty <- glm(ProBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_100k * party_name, 
                      data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, chamber,party_name, ProBusiness_Letters) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mPro_pacXparty)

mplot(mPro_pacXparty)+
  labs(x="", y="Additional pro-business letters per congress")

ratio(mPro_pacXparty)

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	ratio
Democratic Party	0	0.1993937	1.000000
Democratic Party	1	0.2586207	1.297035
Democratic Party	2	0.3354401	1.682300
Democratic Party	3	0.4350776	2.182002
Democratic Party	4	0.5643109	2.830134
Democratic Party	5	0.7319311	3.670783
Republican Party	0	0.2560484	1.000000
Republican Party	1	0.3404762	1.329734
Republican Party	2	0.4527428	1.768192
Republican Party	3	0.6020274	2.351225
Republican Party	4	0.8005363	3.126504
Republican Party	5	1.0645002	4.157418

# DW NOMINATE 
#mPro_nominate <-glm(ProBusiness_Letters ~  nominate.dim1, data = letters_money %>% filter(!party %in% c("NA","(I)", "Independent"))%>% mutate(PAC_contributions = PAC_contributions/100000), family = "poisson" )  
#tidy(mPro_nominate)
#mplot(mPro_nominate)+labs(x="", y="Additional letters per congress")

# PAC + ideology:
# mPro_pac_nominate <-glm(ProBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_contributions * nominate.dim1, data = letters_money %>% filter(!party %in% c("NA","(I)", "Independent"))%>% mutate(PAC_contributions = PAC_contributions/100000), family = "poisson" )  

# tidy(mPro_pac_nominate)

# mplot(mPro_pac_nominate)+ labs(x="", y="Additional letters per congress")

Multivariate models

# Full model, all letters
mAll_Full <- glm(total_letters ~ PAC_100k + party_name, 
                 data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, chamber,party_name, total_letters) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mAll_Full)

mplot(mAll_Full)+
  labs(x="", y="Additional letters per congress")

ratio(mAll_Full)

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	ratio
Democratic Party	0	1.109746	1.000000
Democratic Party	1	1.414563	1.274673
Democratic Party	2	1.803105	1.624791
Democratic Party	3	2.298369	2.071077
Democratic Party	4	2.929669	2.639945
Democratic Party	5	3.734369	3.365066
Republican Party	0	0.901878	1.000000
Republican Party	1	1.149599	1.274673
Republican Party	2	1.465363	1.624791
Republican Party	3	1.867858	2.071077
Republican Party	4	2.380908	2.639945
Republican Party	5	3.034879	3.365066

# Full model with interaction:
mAll_Fullx <- glm(total_letters ~ PAC_100k*party_name, 
                                   data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, chamber,party_name, total_letters) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)
# tidy(mAll_Fullx)

mplot(mAll_Fullx)+
  labs(x="", y="Additional letters per congress")

# Full model, pro business letters 
mPro_Full <- glm(ProBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_100k + party_name, 
                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, chamber,party_name, ProBusiness_Letters) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mPro_Full)

mplot(mPro_Full)+
  labs(x="", y="Additional pro-business letters per congress")

ratio(mPro_Full)

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	ratio
Democratic Party	0	0.1982883	1.000000
Democratic Party	1	0.2627949	1.325317
Democratic Party	2	0.3482865	1.756465
Democratic Party	3	0.4615901	2.327873
Democratic Party	4	0.6117532	3.085170
Democratic Party	5	0.8107669	4.088828
Republican Party	0	0.2566010	1.000000
Republican Party	1	0.3400777	1.325317
Republican Party	2	0.4507108	1.756465
Republican Party	3	0.5973347	2.327873
Republican Party	4	0.7916578	3.085170
Republican Party	5	1.0491976	4.088828

# Full model, pro business letters with party majority 
mPro_Fullpartyx <- glm(ProBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_100k + party_name*Majority, 
                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, chamber,party_name, ProBusiness_Letters, Majority) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mPro_Full)

mplot(mPro_Fullpartyx)+
  labs(x="", y="Additional pro-business letters per congress")

# Full model with interaction:
mPro_Fullx <- glm(ProBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_100k * party_name,                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy",
                               party_name != "Independent",
                               !is.na(ProBusiness_Letters)) %>% 
                        select(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, chamber,party_name, ProBusiness_Letters, Majority) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mPro_Fullx)

mplot(mPro_Fullx)+
  labs(x="", y="Additional pro-business letters per congress")

# Full model with party interaction:
mPro_Fullpartyx <- glm(ProBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_100k * party_name+
                  party_name*Majority,
                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy",
                               party_name != "Independent",
                               !is.na(ProBusiness_Letters)) %>% 
                        select(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, chamber,party_name, ProBusiness_Letters, Majority) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mPro_Fullx)

mplot(mPro_Fullpartyx)+
  labs(x="", y="Additional pro-business letters per congress")

# ANTI
mAnti_Full <- glm(AntiBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_100k + party_name, 
                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                    #mutate(PAC_100k = Log_PAC_contributions) %>% #fixme
                        select(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, party_name,chamber, AntiBusiness_Letters) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mAnti_Full)

mplot(mAnti_Full)+
  labs(x="", y="Additional anti-business letters per congress")

ratio(mAnti_Full)

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	ratio
Democratic Party	0	0.4532764	1.132718
Democratic Party	1	0.4421186	1.104835
Democratic Party	2	0.4312354	1.077638
Democratic Party	3	0.4206202	1.051111
Democratic Party	4	0.4102662	1.025237
Democratic Party	5	0.4001671	1.000000
Republican Party	0	0.3180703	1.132718
Republican Party	1	0.3102407	1.104835
Republican Party	2	0.3026038	1.077638
Republican Party	3	0.2951550	1.051111
Republican Party	4	0.2878894	1.025237
Republican Party	5	0.2808028	1.000000

# full model with interaction 
mAnti_Fullx <- glm(AntiBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_100k * party_name, 
                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, party_name,chamber, AntiBusiness_Letters) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mAnti_Fullx)
mplot(mAnti_Fullx)+
  labs(x="", y="Additional anti-business letters per congress")

# full model with party interaction 
mAnti_Fullpartyx <- glm(AntiBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_100k * party_name + party_name*Majority, 
                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, party_name,chamber, AntiBusiness_Letters, Majority) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mAnti_Fullx)
mplot(mAnti_Fullpartyx)+
  labs(x="", y="Additional anti-business letters per congress")

# FULL MODEL WITH NON- CONSTITUENT 
# FIXME
#mNonConstituent_Fullx <- glm(NonConstituent_Letters ~ PAC_contributions*party, data = NonConstituent_letters_money %>% filter(!party %in% c("NA","(I)", "Independent"))%>% mutate(PAC_contributions = PAC_contributions/100000), family = "poisson" )  
#tidy(mNonConstituent_Fullx)
#mplot(mNonConstituent_Fullx)+labs(x="", y="Additional non-constituent letters per congress")

mAll_Full %>% pplot()  + 
  labs(y = "Predicted Letters to FERC")

mAll_Full %>% pplot2() + 
  labs(y = "Predicted Letters to FERC")

mAll_Fullx %>% pplot()  + 
  labs(y = "Predicted Letters to FERC")

mAll_Fullx %>% pplot2() + 
  labs(y = "Predicted Letters to FERC")

mPro_Full %>% pplot()  + 
  labs(y = "Predicted Pro-business\nLetters to FERC")

mPro_Full %>% pplot2() + 
  labs(y = "Predicted Pro-business\nLetters to FERC")

mPro_Fullx %>% pplot()  + 
  labs(y = "Predicted Pro-businessn\nLetters to FERC")

mPro_Fullx %>% pplot2() + 
  labs(y = "Predicted Pro-business\nLetters to FERC")

mAnti_Full %>% pplot()  + 
  labs(y = "Predicted Anti-business\nLetters to FERC")

mAnti_Full %>% pplot2() + 
  labs(y = "Predicted Anti-business\nLetters to FERC")

mAnti_Fullx %>% pplot()  + 
  labs(y = "Predicted Anti-business\nLetters to FERC")

mAnti_Fullx %>% pplot2() + 
  labs(y = "Predicted Anti-business\nLetters to FERC")

Multivariate logit

# full logit
mAll_Fulllogit <- glm(total_letters>0 ~ PAC_100k*party_name, 
                 data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        distinct(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, chamber,party_name, total_letters),
            family = binomial(link = "logit"))

mAll_Fulllogit %>% augment(type.predict = "response", se_fit = T, interval = "confidence") %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(x = PAC_100k, y = .fitted, 
      color = party_name, fill = party_name,
      ymax = .fitted + (1.96*.se.fit),
      ymin = .fitted - (1.96*.se.fit) ) +
    geom_ribbon(alpha = .4, color = NA)+
  geom_point(alpha = .5) + 
  labs(x = "Energy PAC Contributions\n($100,000s)",
       y = "Probability of Writing to FERC",
       color = "",
       fill = "") + 
  scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0,1)) +
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6) + 
  scale_color_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6)

ratio(mAll_Fulllogit)

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	ratio
Democratic Party	0	0.3104129	1.000000
Democratic Party	1	0.4377222	1.410129
Democratic Party	2	0.5737987	1.848502
Democratic Party	3	0.6995477	2.253604
Democratic Party	4	0.8010586	2.580623
Democratic Party	5	0.8744292	2.816988
Republican Party	0	0.3015058	1.000000
Republican Party	1	0.3912332	1.297598
Republican Party	2	0.4889705	1.621761
Republican Party	3	0.5875584	1.948746
Republican Party	4	0.6795897	2.253985
Republican Party	5	0.7594914	2.518994

# full logit pro
mpro_Fulllogit <- glm(ProBusiness_Letters>0 ~ PAC_100k *party_name, 
                 data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        distinct(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, chamber,party_name, ProBusiness_Letters),
            family = binomial(link = "logit"))

mpro_Fulllogit %>% augment(type.predict = "response", se_fit = T, interval = "confidence") %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(x = PAC_100k, y = .fitted, 
      color = party_name, fill = party_name,
      ymax = .fitted + (1.96*.se.fit),
      ymin = .fitted - (1.96*.se.fit) ) +
    geom_ribbon(alpha = .4, color = NA)+
  geom_point(alpha = .5) + 
  labs(x = "Energy PAC Contributions\n($100,000s)",
       y = "Probability of Writing to FERC\nOn Behalf of an Energy Company",
       color = "",
       fill = "") + 
  scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0,1))+
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6) + 
  scale_color_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6)

mpro_Fulllogit %>% augment(type.predict = "response", se_fit = T, interval = "confidence") %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(x = PAC_100k, y = .fitted, 
      ymax = .fitted + (1.96*.se.fit),
      ymin = .fitted - (1.96*.se.fit) ) +
    geom_ribbon(alpha = .4, color = NA)+
  geom_point(alpha = .5) + 
  labs(x = "Energy PAC Contributions\n($100,000s)",
       y = "Probability of Writing to FERC\nOn Behalf of an Energy Company",
       color = "",
       fill = "") + 
  scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0,1))+
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6) + 
  scale_color_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6) + 
  facet_grid(. ~ party_name)

mpro_Fulllogit %>% ratio()

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	ratio
Democratic Party	0	0.1178661	1.000000
Democratic Party	1	0.1777773	1.508298
Democratic Party	2	0.2591934	2.199049
Democratic Party	3	0.3615021	3.067057
Democratic Party	4	0.4781300	4.056551
Democratic Party	5	0.5971920	5.066697
Republican Party	0	0.1481958	1.000000
Republican Party	1	0.2046546	1.380974
Republican Party	2	0.2756618	1.860118
Republican Party	3	0.3601497	2.430228
Republican Party	4	0.4542917	3.065482
Republican Party	5	0.5518193	3.723581

# full anti logit
manti_Fulllogit <- glm(AntiBusiness_Letters>0 ~ PAC_100k +party_name, 
                 data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        distinct(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, chamber,party_name, AntiBusiness_Letters),
            family = binomial(link = "logit"))

manti_Fulllogit %>% augment(type.predict = "response", se_fit = T, interval = "confidence") %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(x = PAC_100k, y = .fitted, 
      color = party_name, fill = party_name,
      ymax = .fitted + (1.96*.se.fit),
      ymin = .fitted - (1.96*.se.fit) ) +
    geom_ribbon(alpha = .4, color = NA)+
  geom_point(alpha = .5) + 
  labs(x = "Energy PAC Contributions\n($100,000s)",
       y = "Probability of Writing to FERC\nOpposing an Energy Company",
       color = "",
       fill = "") + 
  scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0,1)) +
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6) + 
  scale_color_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6)

manti_Fulllogit %>% augment(type.predict = "response", se_fit = T, interval = "confidence") %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(x = PAC_100k, y = .fitted, 
      ymax = .fitted + (1.96*.se.fit),
      ymin = .fitted - (1.96*.se.fit) ) +
    geom_ribbon(alpha = .4, color = NA)+
  geom_point(alpha = .5) + 
  labs(x = "Energy PAC Contributions\n($100,000s)",
       y = "Probability of Writing to FERC\nOpposing an Energy Company",
       color = "",
       fill = "") + 
  scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0,1)) +
  scale_fill_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6) + 
  scale_color_viridis_d(option = "plasma", end = .6) +
  facet_grid(. ~party_name)

ratio(manti_Fulllogit)

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	ratio
Democratic Party	0	0.1751780	1.000000
Democratic Party	1	0.1890244	1.079042
Democratic Party	2	0.2036950	1.162789
Democratic Party	3	0.2191965	1.251279
Democratic Party	4	0.2355287	1.344511
Democratic Party	5	0.2526841	1.442442
Republican Party	0	0.1306366	1.000000
Republican Party	1	0.1415666	1.083668
Republican Party	2	0.1532500	1.173102
Republican Party	3	0.1657114	1.268492
Republican Party	4	0.1789719	1.369999
Republican Party	5	0.1930481	1.477749

Average Pro-Business letters per cycle ~ total Energy Sector PAC contributions 1990-2014

# many fewer observations over time period (about 1000 members served)
mProTotal <- glm(ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle ~ PAC_100k_total, 
                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr,PAC_contributions_total, ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle) %>%
                   mutate(PAC_100k_total = PAC_contributions_total/100000) %>% 
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mProTotal)
mplot(mProTotal)+
  labs(x="", y="Average Additional pro-business letters per cycle per hundred thousand dollars 1990-2014")

newdata_total <- expand(letters_money,
                   party_name,
                   PAC_100k_total = seq(0,5))

mProTotal %>% augment(type.predict = "response", se_fit = T, interval = "confidence", newdata = newdata_total) %>%
  group_by(party_name) %>% 
  mutate(ratio = .fitted/min(.fitted)) %>% kable()

party_name	PAC_100k_total	.fitted	.se.fit	ratio
Democratic Party	0	0.2099543	0.0141073	1.000000
Democratic Party	1	0.2138166	0.0139092	1.018396
Democratic Party	2	0.2177499	0.0137413	1.037130
Democratic Party	3	0.2217556	0.0136097	1.056209
Democratic Party	4	0.2258350	0.0135207	1.075639
Democratic Party	5	0.2299894	0.0134812	1.095426
Republican Party	0	0.2099543	0.0141073	1.000000
Republican Party	1	0.2138166	0.0139092	1.018396
Republican Party	2	0.2177499	0.0137413	1.037130
Republican Party	3	0.2217556	0.0136097	1.056209
Republican Party	4	0.2258350	0.0135207	1.075639
Republican Party	5	0.2299894	0.0134812	1.095426

Anti-Business Letters per cycle ~ Energy Sector PAC contributions per cycle 1998-2014

mAnti <- glm(AntiBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_100k, 
                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
               #mutate(PAC_100k = Log_PAC_contributions) %>% #fixme
                        select(icpsr, congress,party_name, chamber,PAC_100k, AntiBusiness_Letters) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)
# tidy(mAnti)
mAnti %>% mplot()+
  labs(x="", y="Additional anti-buisness letters per congress per hundred thousand dollars")

mAntiLog <- glm(AntiBusiness_Letters ~ Log_PAC_contributions, 
                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        # filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr,congress,party_name, chamber,Log_PAC_contributions, AntiBusiness_Letters) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)
# tidy(mAntiLog)
mAntiLog %>% mplot()+
  labs(x="", y="Additional anti-business Letters per congress per Log(PAC Contributions)")

mAnti %>% augment(type.predict = "response", se_fit = T, interval = "confidence", newdata = newdata) %>%
  group_by(party_name) %>% 
  mutate(ratio = .fitted/min(.fitted)) %>% kable()

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	.se.fit	ratio
Democratic Party	0	0.3963022	0.0100200	1.792717
Democratic Party	1	0.3526340	0.0128480	1.595179
Democratic Party	2	0.3137776	0.0240877	1.419407
Democratic Party	3	0.2792027	0.0334301	1.263004
Democratic Party	4	0.2484375	0.0405623	1.123834
Democratic Party	5	0.2210624	0.0457632	1.000000
Republican Party	0	0.3963022	0.0100200	1.792717
Republican Party	1	0.3526340	0.0128480	1.595179
Republican Party	2	0.3137776	0.0240877	1.419407
Republican Party	3	0.2792027	0.0334301	1.263004
Republican Party	4	0.2484375	0.0405623	1.123834
Republican Party	5	0.2210624	0.0457632	1.000000

Anti-business letters by party

mAntiParty <- glm(AntiBusiness_Letters ~ party_name,
                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr, congress, PAC_100k, chamber,AntiBusiness_Letters, party_name) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)
# tidy(mAntiParty)
mplot(mAntiParty) +
  labs(x="", y="Additional anti-business  letters per congress")

mAntiParty %>% ratio()

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	ratio
Democratic Party	0	0.4508532	1
Democratic Party	1	0.4508532	1
Democratic Party	2	0.4508532	1
Democratic Party	3	0.4508532	1
Democratic Party	4	0.4508532	1
Democratic Party	5	0.4508532	1
Republican Party	0	0.3143137	1
Republican Party	1	0.3143137	1
Republican Party	2	0.3143137	1
Republican Party	3	0.3143137	1
Republican Party	4	0.3143137	1
Republican Party	5	0.3143137	1

mAntiPartyx <- glm(AntiBusiness_Letters ~ party_name*Majority,
                 data = letters_money %>% 
                   filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                   filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                   mutate(Majority = majority == "Majority",
                          Majority = as.numeric(Majority)) %>% 
                   select(icpsr, congress, party_name, Majority, chamber,AntiBusiness_Letters, PAC_100k) %>% 
              distinct(),
            family = poisson) 

# tidy(mProParty)
mplot(mAntiPartyx) +
  labs(x="", y="Additional anti-business letters per congress")

Democrats send an additional 0.4 Anti-Business letters per Congress, on average.

#PAC*party interaction:
mAnti_pac_party <- glm(AntiBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_100k + party_name, 
                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr,congress,PAC_100k, chamber,AntiBusiness_Letters, party_name) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mAnti_pac_party)
mplot(mAnti_pac_party)+ labs(x="", y="Additional anti-business letters per congress")

ratio(mAnti_pac_party)

party_name	PAC_100k	.fitted	ratio
Democratic Party	0	0.4532764	1.132718
Democratic Party	1	0.4421186	1.104835
Democratic Party	2	0.4312354	1.077638
Democratic Party	3	0.4206202	1.051111
Democratic Party	4	0.4102662	1.025237
Democratic Party	5	0.4001671	1.000000
Republican Party	0	0.3180703	1.132718
Republican Party	1	0.3102407	1.104835
Republican Party	2	0.3026038	1.077638
Republican Party	3	0.2951550	1.051111
Republican Party	4	0.2878894	1.025237
Republican Party	5	0.2808028	1.000000

#PAC*party interaction:
mAnti_pacXparty <- glm(AntiBusiness_Letters ~ PAC_100k*party_name, 
                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr, congress,chamber,PAC_100k, AntiBusiness_Letters, party_name) %>%
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mAnti_pacXparty)

# FIXME odd error
mplot(mAnti_pacXparty)+ labs(x="", y="Additional anti-business letters per congress")

Average Anti-Business letters per cycle ~ total Energy Sector PAC contributions 1990-2014

mAntiTotal <- glm(AntiBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle ~ PAC_100k_total, 
                                  data = letters_money %>% 
                        filter(industry == "energy") %>% 
                        filter(party_name != "Independent") %>% 
                        select(icpsr, PAC_contributions_total, AntiBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle) %>%
                   mutate(PAC_100k_total = PAC_contributions_total/100000) %>% 
                      distinct(),
            family = poisson)

# tidy(mProTotal)
mplot(mAntiTotal)+
  labs(x="", y="Average additional Anti-business letters per cycle per hundred thousand dollars 1990-2014")

Combined models

library(dplyr)
dplot <- function(x){dwplot(x %>% 
                              mutate(term = str_remove(term, "party_name") %>% 
                                       str_replace("PAC_100k", "Campaign Contributions"))
                            ) +
    aes(shape = model) + 
    geom_vline(xintercept = 0, linetype = 2) +
    scale_color_viridis_d(option = "C", end = .8) + 
    labs(color = "Dependent Variable",
         shape = "Dependent Variable") +
  theme(panel.grid.major.y  = element_blank())
}

# Basic PAC money models 
models <- full_join(
  tidy(mAll) %>% mutate(model = "All Letters per Cycle"),
  tidy(mPro) %>% mutate(model = "Pro-business Letters per Cycle") ) %>% 
  full_join(tidy(mConstituent) %>% mutate(model = "Constituent Letters per Cycle")) %>%
  full_join(tidy(mAnti)  %>% mutate(model = "Anti-business Letters per Cycle")) 

dplot(models)+ 
    labs(color = "Dependent Variable",
         shape = "Dependent Variable",
         x = "Additional letters per hundred thousand dollars per cycle")

library(stargazer)
library(dplyr)
write_lines(
  stargazer(mAll, mPro, mAnti, mConstituent, 
            covariate.labels = c("Campaign Contributions (per 100k)", "Republican"),
          dep.var.caption  = "Letters to FERC",
          dep.var.labels   = c("Total", "Pro-business", "Anti-business", "Constituent"),
            float=F),
  path = here("FERC/tables/All-mPro-mAnti-mConstituent.tex"))

table <- stargazer(mAll, mPro, mAnti, mNonConstituent, 
                               covariate.labels = c("Campaign Contributions (per 100k)", "Republican"),
          dep.var.caption  = "Letters to FERC",
          dep.var.labels   = c("Total", "Pro-business", "Anti-business", "Constituent"),
                type = "html",
                notes = "FERC/tables/All-mPro-mAnti-mConstituent.tex")

# with non-constituents
models <- full_join(
  tidy(mAll) %>% mutate(model = "All Letters per Cycle"),
  tidy(mPro) %>% mutate(model = "Pro-business Letters per Cycle") ) %>% 
  full_join(tidy(mConstituent) %>% mutate(model = "Constituent Letters per Cycle")) %>%
  full_join(tidy(mNonConstituent) %>% mutate(model = "Non-constituent Letters per Cycle")) %>%
  full_join(tidy(mAnti)  %>% mutate(model = "Anti-business Letters per Cycle")) 

dplot(models)+ 
    labs(color = "Dependent Variable",
         shape = "Dependent Variable",
         x = "Additional letters per hundred thousand dollars per cycle")

library(stargazer)
library(dplyr)
write_lines(stargazer(mAll, mPro, mAnti, mConstituent, mNonConstituent, 
            covariate.labels = c("Campaign Contributions (per 100k)"),
          dep.var.caption  = "Letters to FERC",
          dep.var.labels   = c("Total", "Pro-business", "Anti-business", "Constituent", "Non-constituent"),
            float=F),
  path = here("FERC/tables/All-mPro-mAnti-mNonConstituent.tex"))

table <- stargazer(mAll, mPro, mAnti, mNonConstituent, 
                type = "html",
                notes = "FERC/tables/All-mPro-mAnti-mNonConstituent.tex")

htmltools::HTML(table)

	Dependent variable:
	total_letters	ProBusiness_Letters	AntiBusiness_Letters	Non_Constituent_Letters
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
PAC_100k	0.204***	0.322***	-0.117***	0.222***
	(0.018)	(0.032)	(0.044)	(0.021)
Constant	0.016	-1.492***	-0.926***	-0.317***
	(0.015)	(0.030)	(0.025)	(0.017)
Observations	5,997	5,997	5,997	5,997
Log Likelihood	-12,606.460	-4,212.596	-6,183.930	-9,761.498
Akaike Inf. Crit.	25,216.930	8,429.191	12,371.860	19,527.000
Note:	*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01
	FERC/tables/All-mPro-mAnti-mNonConstituent.tex

logged PAC money models

## logged PAC money models 
models <- tidy(mProLog) %>% mutate(model = "Pro-business Letters per Cycle") %>%  
full_join(tidy(mAntiLog) %>% mutate(model = "Anti-business Letters per Cycle")) 

dplot(models)+ 
    labs(x = "Additional letters per logged dollars per cycle")

write_lines(
  stargazer::stargazer(mProLog, mAntiLog,
                                   covariate.labels = c("Log Campaign Contributions"),
          dep.var.caption  = "Letters to FERC",
          dep.var.labels   = c("Pro-business", "Anti-business"),
                       float=F),
  path = here("FERC/tables/mProLog-mAntiLog.tex"))

table <- stargazer(mProLog, mAntiLog, 
                type = "html",
                notes = "FERC/tables/mProLog-mAntiLog.tex")

htmltools::HTML(table)

	Dependent variable:
	ProBusiness_Letters	AntiBusiness_Letters
	(1)	(2)
Log_PAC_contributions	0.027***	-0.061***
	(0.009)	(0.006)
Constant	-1.601***	-0.435***
	(0.087)	(0.051)
Observations	5,997	5,997
Log Likelihood	-4,247.016	-6,135.061
Akaike Inf. Crit.	8,498.032	12,274.120
Note:	*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01
	FERC/tables/mProLog-mAntiLog.tex

PAC contributions over entire time period

## PAC contributions over entire time period 
models <- tidy(mProTotal) %>% 
  mutate(model = "Pro-business Letters per Cycle") %>% 
  full_join(tidy(mAntiTotal) %>% mutate(model = "Anti-business Letters per Cycle")) 

dplot(models) + 
    labs(x = "Average additional letters per cycle per hundred thousand dollars 1990-2014")

write_lines(
  stargazer::stargazer(mProTotal, mAntiTotal,             covariate.labels = c("Career Total Campaign Contributions (per 100k)"),
          dep.var.caption  = "Career Average Letters to FERC",
          dep.var.labels   = c("Pro-business", "Anti-business"),
          float=F),
  path = here("FERC/tables/mProTotal-mAntiTotal.tex"))

table <- stargazer(mProTotal, mAntiTotal, 
                   covariate.labels = c("Career Total Campaign Contributions (per 100k)"),
          dep.var.caption  = "Career Total Letters to FERC",
          dep.var.labels   = c("Pro-business", "Anti-business"),
                type = "html",
                notes = "FERC/tables/mProTotal-mAntiTotal.tex")

htmltools::HTML(table)

	Career Total Letters to FERC
	Pro-business	Anti-business
	(1)	(2)
Career Total Campaign Contributions (per 100k)	0.018***	0.005
	(0.004)	(0.005)
Constant	-1.561***	-1.189***
	(0.067)	(0.059)
Observations	1,306	1,306
Log Likelihood	-Inf.000	-Inf.000
Akaike Inf. Crit.	Inf.000	Inf.000
Note:	*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01
	FERC/tables/mProTotal-mAntiTotal.tex

Party

## With party IV 
models <- tidy(mProParty) %>% 
  mutate(model = "Pro-business Letters per Cycle") %>%
  full_join(tidy(mAntiParty) %>%
              mutate(model = "Anti-business Letters per Cycle")) %>%
  # mutate(term = str_replace(term, "party\\(R\\)", "Republican")) %>% 
  filter(term != "party(I)")

dplot(models) + 
    labs(x = "Additional letters per cycle")

write_lines(
  stargazer::stargazer(mProParty, mAntiParty,
                                   covariate.labels = c("Republican"),
          dep.var.caption  = "Letters to FERC",
          dep.var.labels   = c( "Pro-business", "Anti-business"),
          float=F),
  path = here("FERC/tables/mProParty-mAntiParty.tex"))

table <- stargazer(mProParty, mAntiParty, 
                type = "html",
                notes = "FERC/tables/mProParty-mAntiParty.tex")

htmltools::HTML(table)

	Dependent variable:
	ProBusiness_Letters	AntiBusiness_Letters
	(1)	(2)
party_nameRepublican Party	0.347***	-0.361***
	(0.052)	(0.042)
Constant	-1.551***	-0.797***
	(0.040)	(0.028)
Observations	5,997	5,997
Log Likelihood	-4,228.850	-6,150.971
Akaike Inf. Crit.	8,461.700	12,305.940
Note:	*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01
	FERC/tables/mProParty-mAntiParty.tex

Univariate models

# All models 
write_lines(
  stargazer::stargazer(mAll, mPro, mAnti, mConstituent, mNonConstituent, mProLog, mAntiLog, mProParty, mAntiParty, mProTotal, mAntiTotal,  
                       covariate.labels = c("Campaign Contributions (per 100k)"),
          dep.var.caption  = "Letters to FERC",
          dep.var.labels   = c("Total", "Pro-business", "Anti-business",
                               "Constituent",
                               "Non-constituent", "Log(Pro-business+1)",
                               "Log(Anti-business+1)",
                               "Pro-business",
                               "Anti-business",
                               "Pro-business (career total)",
                               "Anti-business (career total"),
          float=F),
  path = here("FERC/tables/mUnivariate.tex"))

table <-stargazer(mAll, mPro, mAnti,mConstituent, mNonConstituent, mProLog, mAntiLog, mProParty, mAntiParty, mProTotal, mAntiTotal,  
                type = "html",
                notes = "FERC/tables/mUnivariate.tex")

htmltools::HTML(table)

	Dependent variable:
	total_letters	ProBusiness_Letters	AntiBusiness_Letters	Constituent_Letters	Non_Constituent_Letters	ProBusiness_Letters	AntiBusiness_Letters	ProBusiness_Letters	AntiBusiness_Letters	ProBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle	AntiBusiness_Letters_Per_Cycle
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(10)	(11)
PAC_100k	0.204***	0.322***	-0.117***	0.044	0.222***
	(0.018)	(0.032)	(0.044)	(0.045)	(0.021)
Log_PAC_contributions						0.027***	-0.061***
						(0.009)	(0.006)
party_nameRepublican Party								0.347***	-0.361***
								(0.052)	(0.042)
PAC_100k_total										0.018***	0.005
										(0.004)	(0.005)
Constant	0.016	-1.492***	-0.926***	-1.373***	-0.317***	-1.601***	-0.435***	-1.551***	-0.797***	-1.561***	-1.189***
	(0.015)	(0.030)	(0.025)	(0.030)	(0.017)	(0.087)	(0.051)	(0.040)	(0.028)	(0.067)	(0.059)
Observations	5,997	5,997	5,997	5,997	5,997	5,997	5,997	5,997	5,997	1,306	1,306
Log Likelihood	-12,606.460	-4,212.596	-6,183.930	-4,795.028	-9,761.498	-4,247.016	-6,135.061	-4,228.850	-6,150.971	-Inf.000	-Inf.000
Akaike Inf. Crit.	25,216.930	8,429.191	12,371.860	9,594.055	19,527.000	8,498.032	12,274.120	8,461.700	12,305.940	Inf.000	Inf.000
Note:	*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01
	FERC/tables/mUnivariate.tex

Multivariate Models

## Full models
models <- tidy(mAll_Full) %>% 
  mutate(model = "Total Letters per Cycle") %>%
  full_join(tidy(mPro_Full) %>%
              mutate(model = "Pro-business Letters per Cycle")) %>%
  full_join(tidy(mAnti_Full) %>%
              mutate(model = "Anti-business Letters per Cycle")) %>% 
  mutate(term = str_replace(term, "PAC_100k", "Campaign Funding"))# %>%  mutate(term = str_replace(term, "party\\(R\\)", "Republican"))


dplot(models) + 
    labs(x = "Additional letters per cycle")

## Full models + interactions
models <- tidy(mAll_Full) %>% 
  mutate(model = "Total Letters per Cycle") %>%
  full_join(tidy(mPro_Full) %>%
              mutate(model = "Pro-business Letters per Cycle")) %>%
  full_join(tidy(mPro_Fullx) %>% mutate(model = "Pro-business Letters per Cycle, with interaction")) %>%
  full_join(tidy(mAnti_Full) %>%
              mutate(model = "Anti-business Letters per Cycle")) %>%
  full_join(tidy(mAnti_Fullx) %>% mutate(model = "Anti-business Letters per Cycle, with interaction")) %>% 
  mutate(term = str_replace(term, "PAC_100k", "Campaign Funding"))# %>%  mutate(term = str_replace(term, "party\\(R\\)", "Republican"))

dplot(models) + 
    labs(x = "Additional letters per cycle")

write_lines(
  stargazer::stargazer(mAll_Full, mAll_Fullx,
                       mPro_Full,mPro_Fullx, 
                       mAnti_Full, mAnti_Fullx,            
                       covariate.labels = c("Campaign Contributions (100k)", "Republican", "Campaign Contributions × Republican"),
          dep.var.caption  = "Letters to FERC",
          dep.var.labels   = c("Total",
                               "Pro-business", "Anti-business", "Anti-business"), float=F),
  path = here("FERC/tables/mFull.tex"))


table <- stargazer(mAll_Full, mAll_Fullx,
                   mPro_Full,mPro_Fullx, 
                   mAnti_Full, mAnti_Fullx, 
                type = "html",
                notes = "FERC/tables/mFull.tex")

# NOTE THIS TABLE IS MISSING CONSTITUTENT 

htmltools::HTML(table)

	Dependent variable:
	total_letters		ProBusiness_Letters		AntiBusiness_Letters
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
PAC_100k	0.243***	0.401***	0.282***	0.260***	-0.025	0.113
	(0.018)	(0.034)	(0.034)	(0.093)	(0.044)	(0.072)
party_nameRepublican Party	-0.207***	-0.134***	0.258***	0.250***	-0.354***	-0.292***
	(0.026)	(0.029)	(0.054)	(0.062)	(0.044)	(0.052)
PAC_100k:party_nameRepublican Party		-0.211***		0.025		-0.207**
		(0.041)		(0.100)		(0.091)
Constant	0.104***	0.062***	-1.618***	-1.612***	-0.791***	-0.822***
	(0.018)	(0.020)	(0.041)	(0.047)	(0.029)	(0.032)
Observations	5,997	5,997	5,997	5,997	5,997	5,997
Log Likelihood	-12,573.380	-12,560.840	-4,200.879	-4,200.848	-6,150.805	-6,148.318
Akaike Inf. Crit.	25,152.760	25,129.690	8,407.759	8,409.696	12,307.610	12,304.640
Note:	*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01
	FERC/tables/mFull.tex

About FERC

FERC regulates electricity markets, oil and gas pipelines, and hydropower and gas export projects. Many of these decisions have major implications for business profits. For example, because many natural gas pipelines cross state lines, FERC largely controls pipeline market entry. Similarly, electricity grids are regional.

Letters on behalf of projects in their districts

TODO

d %>% 
  mutate(Place_District = tolower(Place_District)) %>% 
  # FIXME 
  # dropping odd observations, will correct in DOE_FERC.R script 
  filter(Place_District %in% c("yes", "no", NA)) %>% 
  filter(letter_position %in% c("AntiBusiness", "ProBusiness")) %>% 
  filter(Constituent != "Not coded") %>% 
  count(Place_District, letter_position, Constituent) %>% 
  ggplot() +
  aes(x = Place_District, y = n, fill = letter_position) +
  geom_col(position = "dodge") + 
  facet_grid(Constituent ~ .)+ 
  labs(x = "Is the proposed project in the member's district?",
       y = "Number of letters",
       fill = "")

TO DO

DONE

• add clean text from scraper to google sheet
• fix clean function to pull and combine new data
• link industry codes to CRP PAC committee classification:

1. Identify relevant industry codes
2. Get cycle-specific PAC classification for those industry codes
3. Subset DIME to those PAC classifications

• Add 2015-2018 DIME
• Fix DIME ICPSRs

## FERC Paper 1 - Fix Goode, and other party switchers who are double counted as an R and I (dropped for now) - Identify companies that did not match a PAC and see if they match a parent company

FERC Paper 2

• letters per company

• letters per company PAC (before and after merging in parent companies)

• add company names from company scraper to google sheet

• template to match company names to donation (lobbyview, DIME)

• template match company names to industry codes (center for responsive politics)

• Letters are on behalf of donors TODO

• Comparing FERC to other agencies TODO